Generic placeholder image

Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1871-5303
ISSN (Online): 2212-3873

Research Article

Prevalence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Familial Mediterranean Fever

Author(s): Turker Tasliyurt, Erkan Gokce, Safak Sahin*, Asiye Baris Aslan, Ayse Kevser Demir, Suheyla Uzun and Faruk Kutluturk

Volume 20, Issue 6, 2020

Page: [952 - 958] Pages: 7

DOI: 10.2174/1871530320666200220125829

Price: $65

Abstract

Introduction: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS), insulin resistance (IR) and chronic inflammation. Although familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) patients have no symptoms in the periods between attacks, their subclinical inflammation continues. The aim of the present study was to determine the NAFLD frequency in FMF patients and to evaluate their MetS, IR and lipid profiles.

Methods: The study included 54 FMF patients and 54 control subjects. The clinical and demographic characteristics of the subjects were recorded, and the patients’ Pras disease severity score was calculated. IR was determined using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index. MetS was diagnosed using the revised National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria (NCEP ATP III). Hepatic ultrasonography was used to diagnose NAFLD.

Results: NAFLD was observed in 15 FMF patients (27.8%) and 14 controls (25.9%). The difference between the groups was not significant (p=0.828). Similarly, no significant difference was found between the two groups for MetS frequency and HOMA index levels. Fasting plasma glucose was significantly higher in FMF patients, whereas differences between the two groups were not significant for lipid levels and other parameters. When FMF patients with and without NAFLD were compared, no significant difference was found in Pras disease severity score, duration of the disease and daily colchicine dose.

Conclusion: The present study showed that NAFLD frequency was not increased in FMF patients, and that patients’ MetS frequency, IR and lipid profiles were not different from control subjects.

Keywords: Familial Mediterranean fever, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, inflammation.

Graphical Abstract
[1]
Ben-Chetrit, E.; Levy, M. Familial Mediterranean fever. Lancet, 1998, 351(9103), 659-664.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(97)09408-7] [PMID: 9500348]
[2]
Erken, E.; Erken, E. Cardiac disease in familial Mediterranean fever. Rheumatol. Int., 2018, 38(1), 51-58.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00296-017-3853-8] [PMID: 29051974]
[3]
Tunca, M.; Kirkali, G.; Soytürk, M.; Akar, S.; Pepys, M.B.; Hawkins, P.N. Acute phase response and evolution of familial Mediterranean fever. Lancet, 1999, 353(9162), 1415.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(99)00990-3] [PMID: 10227232]
[4]
Notarnicola, C.; Didelot, M.N.; Seguret, F.; Demaille, J.; Touitou, I. Enhanced cytokine mRNA levels in attack-free patients with familial Mediterranean fever. Genes Immun., 2002, 3(1), 43-45.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.gene.6363813] [PMID: 11857061]
[5]
Uslu, A.U.; Aydin, B.; Icagasıoğlu, I.S.; Balta, S.; Deveci, K.; Alkan, F.; Yıldız, G.; Sahin, A. The Relationship Among the Level of Serum Amyloid A, High-Density Lipoprotein and Microalbuminuria in Patients With Familial Mediterranean Fever. J. Clin. Lab. Anal., 2016, 30(6), 1003-1008.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcla.21971] [PMID: 27094695]
[6]
Kim, D.; Touros, A.; Kim, W.R. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Metabolic Syndrome. Clin. Liver Dis., 2018, 22(1), 133-140.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cld.2017.08.010] [PMID: 29128053]
[7]
Younossi, Z.M.; Koenig, A.B.; Abdelatif, D.; Fazel, Y.; Henry, L.; Wymer, M. Global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-Meta-analytic assessment of prevalence, incidence, and outcomes. Hepatology, 2016, 64(1), 73-84.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.28431] [PMID: 26707365]
[8]
Choi, S.; Diehl, A.M. Role of inflammation in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol., 2005, 21(6), 702-707.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.mog.0000182863.96421.47] [PMID: 16220049]
[9]
McClain, C.J.; Mokshagundam, S.P.; Barve, S.S.; Song, Z.; Hill, D.B.; Chen, T.; Deaciuc, I. Mechanisms of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Alcohol, 2004, 34(1), 67-79.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.alcohol.2004.07.007] [PMID: 15670668]
[10]
Rimar, D.; Rosner, I.; Rozenbaum, M.; Zuckerman, E. Familial Mediterranean fever: an association with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin. Rheumatol., 2011, 30(7), 987-991.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10067-011-1718-1] [PMID: 21360101]
[11]
Sarkis, C.; Caglar, E.; Ugurlu, S.; Cetinkaya, E.; Tekin, N.; Arslan, M.; Ozdemir, S.; Tuncer, M. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and familial Mediterranean fever: are they related? Srp. Arh. Celok. Lek., 2012, 140(9-10), 589-594.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/SARH1210589S] [PMID: 23289274]
[12]
Ben-Chetrit, E.; Yazici, H. The liver in familial Mediterranean fever: is it involved? Clin. Exp. Rheumatol., 2017, 108(6), 108-112.
[PMID: 28598780]
[13]
Livneh, A.; Langevitz, P.; Zemer, D.; Zaks, N.; Kees, S.; Lidar, T.; Migdal, A.; Padeh, S.; Pras, M. Criteria for the diagnosis of familial Mediterranean fever. Arthritis Rheum., 1997, 40(10), 1879-1885.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.1780401023] [PMID: 9336425]
[14]
Levy, J.C.; Matthews, D.R.; Hermans, M.P. Correct homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) evaluation uses the computer program. Diabetes Care, 1998, 21(12), 2191-2192.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/diacare.21.12.2191] [PMID: 9839117]
[15]
Grundy, S.M.; Cleeman, J.I.; Daniels, S.R.; Donato, K.A.; Eckel, R.H.; Franklin, B.A.; Gordon, D.J.; Krauss, R.M.; Savage, P.J.; Smith, S.C., Jr; Spertus, J.A.; Costa, F. Diagnosis and management of the metabolic syndrome: an American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Scientific Statement. Circulation, 2005, 112(17), 2735-2752.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.169404] [PMID: 16157765]
[16]
Pras, E.; Livneh, A.; Balow, J.E., Jr; Pras, E.; Kastner, D.L.; Pras, M.; Langevitz, P. Clinical differences between North African and Iraqi Jews with familial Mediterranean fever. Am. J. Med. Genet., 1998, 75(2), 216-219.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628(19980113)75:2lt;216::AID-AJMG20gt;3.0.CO;2-R] [PMID: 9450890]
[17]
Saadeh, S.; Younossi, Z.M.; Remer, E.M.; Gramlich, T.; Ong, J.P.; Hurley, M.; Mullen, K.D.; Cooper, J.N.; Sheridan, M.J. The utility of radiological imaging in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Gastroenterology, 2002, 123(3), 745-750.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/gast.2002.35354] [PMID: 12198701]
[18]
Moretti, G.; Le Bras, M.; Longy, M.; Veyret, V.; Bioulac, P. [Familial Mediterranean fever and fatty liver. Effect of a long time colchicine treatment on triglyceride storage ]. Ann. Med. Interne (Paris), 1981, 132(7), 482-486.
[PMID: 7337325]
[19]
Tweezer-Zaks, N.; Doron-Libner, A.; Weiss, P.; Ben-Horin, S.; Barshack, I.; Lidar, M.; Livneh, A. Familial Mediterranean fever and cryptogenic cirrhosis. Medicine, 2007, 86(6), 355-362.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0b013e31815be056] [PMID: 18004180]
[20]
Singh, D.; Das, C.J.; Baruah, M.P. Imaging of non alcoholic fatty liver disease: A road less travelled. Indian J. Endocrinol. Metab., 2013, 17(6), 990-995.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2230-8210.122606] [PMID: 24381873]
[21]
Joseph, A.E.; Saverymuttu, S.H.; al-Sam, S.; Cook, M.G.; Maxwell, J.D. Comparison of liver histology with ultrasonography in assessing diffuse parenchymal liver disease. Clin. Radiol., 1991, 43(1), 26-31.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0009-9260(05)80350-2] [PMID: 1999069]
[22]
Debongnie, J.C.; Pauls, C.; Fievez, M.; Wibin, E. Prospective evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of liver ultrasonography. Gut, 1981, 22(2), 130-135.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gut.22.2.130] [PMID: 7215943]
[23]
Saverymuttu, S.H.; Joseph, A.E.; Maxwell, J.D. Ultrasound scanning in the detection of hepatic fibrosis and steatosis. Br. Med. J. (Clin. Res. Ed.), 1986, 292(6512), 13-15.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.292.6512.13] [PMID: 3080046]
[24]
Ugurlu, S.; Seyahi, E.; Cetinkaya, F.; Ozbakir, F.; Balci, H.; Ozdogan, H. Intima-media thickening in patients with familial Mediterranean fever. Rheumatology (Oxford), 2009, 48(8), 911-915.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/kep131] [PMID: 19478036]
[25]
Candan, Z.; Akdoğan, A.; Karadağ, Ö.; Kalyoncu, U.; Şahin, A.; Bilgen, Ş.; Çalgüneri, M.; Kiraz, S.; Ertenli, A. Serum lipid changes and insulin resistance in familial Mediterranean fever. Eur. J. Rheumatol., 2014, 1(4), 140-143.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5152/eurjrheumatol.2014.140045] [PMID: 27708899]
[26]
Gögebakan, H.; Akkececi, N.S.; Cetin, G.Y. Relationship between Metabolic Syndrome and Uric Acid Levels in Patients with Familial Mediterranean Fever. Arch. Iran Med., 2019, 22(10), 566-573.
[PMID: 31679358]
[27]
Ballestri, S.; Zona, S.; Targher, G.; Romagnoli, D.; Baldelli, E.; Nascimbeni, F.; Roverato, A.; Guaraldi, G.; Lonardo, A. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with an almost twofold increased risk of incident type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol., 2016, 31(5), 936-944.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jgh.13264] [PMID: 26667191]
[28]
Assy, N.; Kaita, K.; Mymin, D.; Levy, C.; Rosser, B.; Minuk, G. Fatty infiltration of liver in hyperlipidemic patients. Dig. Dis. Sci., 2000, 45(10), 1929-1934.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005661516165] [PMID: 11117562]
[29]
Du, T.; Sun, X.; Yuan, G.; Zhou, X.; Lu, H.; Lin, X.; Yu, X. Lipid phenotypes in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Metabolism, 2016, 65(9), 1391-1398.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2016.06.006] [PMID: 27506745]
[30]
Acay, A.; Ulu, M.S.; Ahsen, A.; Ozkececi, G.; Demir, K.; Ozuguz, U.; Yuksel, S.; Acarturk, G. Atherogenic index as a predictor of atherosclerosis in subjects with familial Mediterranean fever. Medicina (Kaunas), 2014, 50(6), 329-333.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.medici.2014.11.009] [PMID: 25541265]
[31]
Turhan, T.; Doğan, H.O.; Boğdaycioğlu, N.; Eyerci, N.; Omma, A.; Sari, İ.; Yeşilyurt, A.; Karaaslan, Y. Vitamin D status, serum lipid concentrations, and vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms in Familial Mediterranean fever. Bosn. J. Basic Med. Sci., 2018, 18(1), 21-28.
[PMID: 28926322]
[32]
Çakırca, G.; Çelik, M.M. Lipid profile and atherogenic indices and their association with platelet indices in familial Mediterranean fever. Turk Kardiyol. Dern. Ars., 2018, 46(3), 184-190.
[PMID: 29664424]
[33]
Ugurlu, S.; Seyahi, E.; Hanci, I.; Pehlevan, S.; Ozdogan, H.; Yazici, H. Effect of colchicine on serum lipid levels. Clin. Exp. Rheumatol., 2016, 34(6)(Suppl. 102), S136.
[PMID: 26885841]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy