Generic placeholder image

Current Traditional Medicine

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 2215-0838
ISSN (Online): 2215-0846

General Review Article

Phytochemical Composition, Pharmacological Properties, and Therapeutic Applications of Celastrus paniculatus

Author(s): Hemanth Kumar Kandikattu*, Narayanappa Amruta, Farhath Khanum, V.V.P.C. Narayana and Doddaga Srinivasulu

Volume 7, Issue 1, 2021

Published on: 17 February, 2020

Page: [107 - 124] Pages: 18

DOI: 10.2174/2215083806666200218111155

Price: $65

Abstract

Humans experience different kinds of stress as a part of the day to day activity. The manifestation of stress will aggravate based on the physical conditions of individuals and due to their socio-economic situation of living. Herbal extracts have long been used in the traditional systems of medicine for the treatment of various ailments because of their potent antioxidant activity and lesser or no side-effects. Recently, there is a surge of interest toward the search of natural substances with diverse pharmacological activities, that can scavenge free radicals and protect cells from oxidative damage and apoptosis because of the adverse effects associated with the use of conventional medicines. Celastrus paniculatus is an endangered medicinal plant used for years in the traditional Ayurvedic system of medicine. The review presents the diverse chemical constituents of C. paniculatus and their pharmacological actions such as neuroprotective, memory-enhancing, anti-depressant, anxiolytic, anti-aging, hypolipidemic, anticancerous, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, gastroprotective, anti-ulcerative properties at the cellular and molecular level based on the pre-clinical and clinical reports available. In the present review, we gathered the information from sources, such as Google Scholar, Science direct, PUBMED, and reviewed with a special focus on the mode of action of C. paniculatus at molecular biology from the data on animal and preclinical experiments to cure various ailments. These diverse medicinal values of C. paniculatus demonstrate its value as traditional medicine as a cure for multiple maladies.

Keywords: Celastrus paniculatus, jyothismathi, neuroprotection, anticancer, antioxidant, pharmacological properties.

Graphical Abstract
[1]
Narayana DBA, Katayar CK, Brindavanam NB. Original system: Search, research or re-search. IDMA Bulletin 1998; 29: 413-6.
[2]
Govindarajan R, Vijayakumar M, Pushpangadan P. Antioxidant approach to disease management and the role of ‘Rasayana’ herbs of Ayurveda. J Ethnopharmacol 2005; 99(2): 165-78.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2005.02.035 ] [PMID: 15894123]
[3]
Venuprasad MP, Kandikattu HK, Razack S, Amruta N, Khanum F. Chemical composition of Ocimum sanctum by LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis and its protective effects against smoke induced lung and neuronal tissue damage in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 91: 1-12.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2017.04.011] [PMID: 28433747]
[4]
Kandikattu HK, Rachitha P, Krupashree K, Jayashree GV, Abhishek V, Khanum F. LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis of total oligomeric flavonoid fraction of Cyperus rotundus and its antioxidant, macromolecule damage protective and antihemolytic effects. Pathophysiology 2015; 22(4): 165-73.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pathophys.2015.07.001] [PMID: 26319439]
[5]
Jayashree GV, Rachitha P, Krupashree K, Kumar KH, Khanum F. Antioxidant and DNA Damage protective effects of Asparagus racemosus in human colon and mice muscle cells. Pharmacogn J 2015; 7(3): 182-90.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5530/pj.2015.3.7]
[6]
Borrelli F, Borbone N, Capasso R, et al. New sesquiterpenes with intestinal relaxant effect from Celastrus paniculatus. Planta Med 2004; 70(7): 652-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2004-827190 ] [PMID: 15254858]
[7]
Borbone N, Borrelli F, Montesano D, et al. Identification of a new sesquiterpene polyol ester from Celastrus paniculatus. Planta Med 2007; 73(8): 792-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-981543 ] [PMID: 17599283]
[8]
Harish BG, Krishna V, Santosh Kumar HS, Khadeer Ahamed BM, Sharath R, Kumara Swamy HM. Wound healing activity and docking of glycogen-synthase-kinase-3-β-protein with isolated triterpenoid lupeol in rats. Phytomedicine 2008; 15(9): 763-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2007.11.017] [PMID: 18222664]
[9]
Jyothi KS, Seshagiri M. In-vitro activity of saponins of bauhinia purpurea, madhuca longifolia, celastrus paniculatus and semecarpus anacardium on selected oral pathogens. J Dent (Tehran) 2012; 9(4): 216-23.
[PMID: 23323183]
[10]
Weng JR, Yen MH, Lin WY. Cytotoxic constituents from Celastrus paniculatus induce apoptosis and autophagy in breast cancer cells. Phytochemistry 2013; 94: 211-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.05.022] [PMID: 23810286]
[11]
Gamlath CB, Gunatilaka AL, Tezuka Y, Kikuchi T, Balasubramaniam S. Quinone-methide, phenolic and related triterpenoids of plants of Celastraceae: Further evidence for the structure of Celastranhydride. Phytochemistry 1990; 29(10): 3189-92.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(90)80182-G]
[12]
Ramadan MF, Kinni SG, Rajanna LN, Seetharam YN, Seshagiri M, Mörsel JT. Fatty acids, bioactive lipids and radical scavenging activity of Celastrus paniculatus Willd. seed oil. Sci Hortic (Amsterdam) 2009; 123(1): 104-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2009.07.008]
[13]
Kandikattu HK, Venuprasad MP, Pal A, Khanum F. Phytochemical analysis and exercise enhancing effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Celastrus paniculatus Willd. Ind Crops Prod 2014; 55: 217-24.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.01.043]
[14]
Ramadan MF, Morsel JT. Screening of the antiradical action of vegetable oils. J Food Compos Anal 2006; 19: 838-42.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2006.02.013]
[15]
Venuprasad MP, Hemanth Kumar K, Khanum F. Neuroprotective effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Ocimum sanctum against H2O2 induced neuronal cell damage in SH-SY5Y cells via its antioxidative defence mechanism. Neurochem Res 2013; 38(10): 2190-200.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11064-013-1128-7 ] [PMID: 23996399]
[16]
Jayashree GV, Rachitha P, Krupashree K, Kumar H, Khanum F. Phytochemical analysis of methanolic extract of extract of roots of Asparagus racemosus. Int J Pharma Bio Sci 2013; 4(4): 250-4.
[17]
Russo A, Izzo AA, Cardile V, Borrelli F, Vanella A. Indian medicinal plants as antiradicals and DNA cleavage protectors. Phytomedicine 2001; 8(2): 125-32.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1078/0944-7113-00021 ] [PMID: 11315755]
[18]
Reddy TB, Ali Moulali D, Anjaneyulu E, et al. Antimicrobial screening of the plant extracts of Cardiospermum halicacabum L. Against selected microbes. Ethnobotanical. Leaflets 2010; 14: 911-9.
[19]
Vonshak A, Barazani O, Sathiyamoorthy P, Shalev R, Vardy D, Golan‐Goldhirsh A. Screening South Indian medicinal plants for antifungal activity against cutaneous pathogens. Toxicol Eval Nat Prod Derivat 2003; 17(9): 1123-5.
[20]
Vaibhav D, Harikesh M. A comprehensive overview of Celastrus paniculatus seed oil intended for the management of human ailments. Indi J Pharm Biol Res 2018; 6(2): 37-42.
[21]
Fandeur T, Moretti C, Polonsky J. In vitro and in vivo assessement of the antimalarial activity of sergeolide. Planta Med 1985; 51(1): 20-3.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-969382 ] [PMID: 17340392]
[22]
Mahendra KJ. Chemical examination of Celastrus paniculatus Willd. Indian J Chem 1963; 500.
[23]
Pavanandt K. Schizontocidal activity of Celastrus paniculatus Willd. against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro. Phytother Res 1989; 3(4): 136-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.2650030405]
[24]
Refaat R, Salama M, Abdel Meguid E, El Sarha A, Gowayed M. Evaluation of the effect of losartan and methotrexate combined therapy in adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 698(1-3): 421-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.10.024 ] [PMID: 23117086]
[25]
Shin JS, Yun CH, Chung KS, et al. Standardized ethyl acetate fraction from the roots of Brassica rapa attenuates the experimental arthritis by down regulating inflammatory responses and inhibiting NF-κB activation. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 66: 96-106.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2014.01.025 ] [PMID: 24468670]
[26]
Nadkarni AK. Indian Materia Medica. 3rd ed. Bombay: Popular Prakashan 1976; Vol. I: p. 296.
[27]
Kothavade PS, Bulani VD, Deshpande PS, Chowdhury AS, Juvekar AR. The petroleum ether fraction of Celastrus paniculatus Willd. seeds demonstrates anti-arthritic effect in adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. J Tradit Chin Med 2015; 2(3): 183-93.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcms.2016.02.004]
[28]
Jayashree GV, Kumar KH, Krupashree K, Rachitha P, Khanum F. LC–ESI–MS/MS analysis of Asparagus racemosus Willd. roots and its protective effects against t-BHP induced oxidative stress in rats. Ind Crops Prod 2015; 78: 102-9. a
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.10.024]
[29]
Razack S, Kumar KH, Nallamuthu I, Naika M, Khanum F. Antioxidant, biomolecule oxidation protective activities of Nardostachys jatamansi DC and its phytochemical analysis by RP-HPLC and GC-MS. Antioxidants 2015; 4(1): 185-203.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox4010185 ] [PMID: 26785345]
[30]
Venuprasad MP, Kandikattu HK, Razack S, Khanum F. Phytochemical analysis of Ocimum gratissimum by LC-ESI–MS/MS and its antioxidant and anxiolytic effects. S Afr J Bot 2014; 92: 151-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2014.02.010]
[31]
Phil-Sun O, Sei-Jung L, Kye-Taek L. Hypolipidemic and antiobedetive of the plant glycoprotein (36 kDa) from the Rhus vernicufulia stokes fruit in Triton WR-1339 induced hyperlipidemic rats. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2006; 70(2): 447-56.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/bbb.70.447 PMID: 16495662]
[32]
Patil RH, Prakash K, Maheshwari VL. Hypolipidemic effect of Celastrus paniculatus in experimentally induced hypercholesterolemic wistar rats. Indian J Clin Biochem 2010; 25(4): 405-10.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12291-010-0050-x ] [PMID: 21966115]
[33]
Weng JR, Yen MH. New dihydroagarofuranoid sesquiterpenes from Celastrus paniculatus. Helv Chim Acta 2010; 93(9): 1716-24.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.200900431]
[34]
Katekhaye S, Duggal S, Singh AP. An inside preview of nutritional and pharmacological profile of Celastrus paniculatus. Int J Recent Adv Pharm Res 2011; 1: 19-24.
[35]
Kulkarni YA, Agarwal S, Garud MS. Effect of Jyotishmati (Celastrus paniculatus) seeds in animal models of pain and inflammation. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2015; 6(2): 82-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0975-9476.146540 ] [PMID: 26166997]
[36]
Kandikattu HK, Rachitha P, Jayashree GV, et al. Anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects of Cardamom (Elettaria repens (Sonn.) Baill) and its phytochemical analysis by 4D GCXGC TOF-MS. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 91: 191-201.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2017.04.049] [PMID: 28458157]
[37]
Manohar M, Kandikattu HK, Verma AK, Mishra A. IL-15 regulates fibrosis and inflammation in a mouse model of chronic pancreatitis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2018; 315(6): G954-65.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00139.2018 ] [PMID: 30212254]
[38]
Ahmad F, Khan RA, Rasheed S. Preliminary screening of methanolic extracts of Celastrus paniculatus and Tecomella undulata for analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. J Ethnopharmacol 1994; 42(3): 193-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(94)90085-X] [PMID: 7934089]
[39]
Arora N, Pandey-Rai S. GC–MS analysis of the essential oil of Celastrus paniculatus Willd. seeds and antioxidant, antiinflammatory study of its various solvent extracts. Ind Crops Prod 2014; 61: 345-51.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.07.025]
[40]
Hariprasath L, Raman J, Nanjian R. Gastroprotective effect of Senecio candicans DC on experimental ulcer models. J Ethnopharmacol 2012; 140(1): 145-50.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2012.01.002 ] [PMID: 22245753]
[41]
Palle S, Kanakalatha A, Kavitha CN. Gastroprotective and antiulcer effects of Celastrus paniculatus seed oil against several gastric ulcer models in rats. J Diet Suppl 2018; 15(4): 373-85.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19390211.2017.1349231] [PMID: 28816560]
[42]
Bidwai PP, Wangoo D. The regressive effects of an oil extract from the seeds of Celastrus paniculatus, an ayurvedic medicinal plant, on the prostate of male albino rats. Proceedings of the 11th International Congress on Animal Reproduction and Artificial Insemination. Dublin, Ireland. 1988; pp. 390-2.
[43]
Lina Izzatia A, Haszianaliza H, Zar CT. Exploring alternative medicines in the treatment of atherosclerosis: an insight into molecular aspects. Med Health 2018; 13(1): 49-70.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/MH.2018.1301.06]
[44]
Bhanumathy M, Harish MS, Shivaprasad HN, Sushma G. Nootropic activity of Celastrus paniculatus seed. Pharm Biol 2010; 48(3): 324-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13880200903127391] [PMID: 20645820]
[45]
Roman HA, Walsh TL, Coull BA, et al. Evaluation of the cardiovascular effects of methylmercury exposures: current evidence supports development of a dose-response function for regulatory benefits analysis. Environ Health Perspect 2011; 119(5): 607-14.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1003012 ] [PMID: 21220222]
[46]
Sumathi T, Jacob S, Gopalakrishnan R. Methylmercury exposure develops atherosclerotic risk factors in the aorta and programmed cell death in the cerebellum: Ameliorative action of Celastrus paniculatus ethanolic extract in male Wistar rats. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25(30): 30212-23.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-3031-x ] [PMID: 30155631]
[47]
Hemanth Kumar K, Tamatam A, Pal A, Khanum F. Neuroprotective effects of Cyperus rotundus on SIN-1 induced nitric oxide generation and protein nitration: Ameliorative effect against apoptosis mediated neuronal cell damage. Neurotoxicology 2013; 34: 150-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuro.2012.11.002 ] [PMID: 23174672]
[48]
Kumar KH, Khanum F. Hydroalcoholic extract of cyperus rotundus ameliorates H2O2-induced human neuronal cell damage via its anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic machinery. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2013; 33(1): 5-17.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10571-012-9865-8 ] [PMID: 22869350]
[49]
Krupashree K, Kumar KH, Rachitha P, Jayashree GV, Khanum F. Chemical composition, antioxidant and macromolecule damage protective effects of Picrorhiza kurroa Royle ex Benth. S Afr J Bot 2014; 94: 249-54.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2014.07.001]
[50]
Kumar KH, Venuprasad MP, Jayashree GV, et al. Celastrus paniculatus Willd. mitigates t-BHP induced oxidative and apoptotic damage in C2C12 murine muscle cells. Cytotechnology 2015; 67(6): 955-67. b
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10616-014-9733-0] [PMID: 25118832]
[51]
Borrelli F, Borbone N, Capasso R, et al. Potent relaxant effect of a Celastrus paniculatus extract in the rat and human ileum. J Ethnopharmacol 2009; 122(3): 434-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2009.02.003 ] [PMID: 19429308]
[52]
Shaheen H, Nazir J, Firdous SS, Khalid AU. Cosmetic ethnobotany practiced by tribal women of Kashmir Himalayas. Avicenna J Phytomed 2014; 4(4): 239-50.
[PMID: 25068138]
[53]
Uttra AM, Ahsan H, Hasan UH, Chaudhary MA. Traditional medicines of plant origin used for the treatment of inflammatory disorders in Pakistan: A review. J Tradit Chin Med 2018; 38(4): 636-56.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0254-6272(18)30897-5]
[54]
Pandareesh MD, Kandikattu HK, Razack S, et al. Nutrition and nutraceuticals in neuroinflammatory and brain metabolic stress: Implications for neurodegenerative disorders. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 2018; 17(9): 680-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871527317666180625104753] [PMID: 29938622]
[55]
Razack S, Kandikattu HK, Venuprasad MP, et al. Anxiolytic actions of Nardostachys jatamansi via GABA benzodiazepine channel complex mechanism and its biodistribution studies. Metab Brain Dis 2018; 33(5): 1533-49.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11011-018-0261-z ] [PMID: 29934858]
[56]
Kandikattu HK, Deep SN, Razack S, Amruta N, Prasad D, Khanum F. Hypoxia induced cognitive impairment modulating activity of Cyperus rotundus. Physiol Behav 2017; 175: 56-65. a
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.03.035] [PMID: 28351559]
[57]
Rachitha P, Krupashree K, Jayashree GV, et al. Chemical composition, antioxidant potential, macromolecule damage and neuroprotective activity of Convolvulus pluricaulis. J Tradit Complement Med 2018; 8(4): 483-96.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcme.2017.11.002 PMID: 30302329]
[58]
Bhagya V, Christofer T, Shankaranarayana Rao BS. Neuroprotective effect of Celastrus paniculatus on chronic stress-induced cognitive impairment. Indian J Pharmacol 2016; 48(6): 687-93.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0253-7613.194853 ] [PMID: 28066108]
[59]
Malik J, Karan M, Dogra R. Ameliorating effect of Celastrus paniculatus standardized extract and its fractions on 3-nitropropionic acid induced neuronal damage in rats: Possible antioxidant mechanism. Pharm Biol 2017; 55(1): 980-90.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13880209.2017.1285945] [PMID: 28164735]
[60]
Raut SB, Parekar RR, Jadhav KS, Marathe PA, Rege NN. Effect of Jyotimatī seed oil on spatial and fear memory using scopolamine induced amnesia in mice. Anc Sci Life 2015; 34(3): 130-3.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0257-7941.157149 ] [PMID: 26120226]
[61]
Godkar PB, Gordon RK, Ravindran A, Doctor BP. Celastrus paniculatus seed oil and organic extracts attenuate hydrogen peroxide- and glutamate-induced injury in embryonic rat forebrain neuronal cells. Phytomedicine 2006; 13(1-2): 29-36.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2003.11.011] [PMID: 16360930]
[62]
Godkar PB, Gordon RK, Ravindran A, Doctor BP. Celastrus paniculatus seed water soluble extracts protect against glutamate toxicity in neuronal cultures from rat forebrain. J Ethnopharmacol 2004; 93(2-3): 213-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2004.03.051 ] [PMID: 15234755]
[63]
Gattu M, Boss KL, Terry AV Jr, Buccafusco JJ. Reversal of scopolamine-induced deficits in navigational memory performance by the seed oil of Celastrus paniculatus. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1997; 57(4): 793-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0091-3057(96)00391-7] [PMID: 9259008]
[64]
Kumar MHV, Gupta YK. Antioxidant property of Celastrus paniculatus willd.: A possible mechanism in enhancing cognition. Phytomedicine 2002; 9(4): 302-11.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1078/0944-7113-00136 ] [PMID: 12120811]
[65]
Nalini K, Karanth KS, Rao A, Aroor AR. Effects of Celastrus paniculatus on passive avoidance performance and biogenic amine turnover in albino rats. J Ethnopharmacol 1995; 47(2): 101-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(95)01264-E] [PMID: 7500635]
[66]
Rajkumar R, Kumar EP, Sudha S, Suresh B. Evaluation of anxiolytic potential of Celastrus oil in rat models of behaviour. Fitoterapia 2007; 78(2): 120-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2006.09.028 ] [PMID: 17169502]
[67]
Nutt DJ. 2002; The neuropharmacology of serotonin and noradrenaline in depression. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 17(Suppl. 1): S1-S12.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004850-200206001-00002]
[68]
Valecha R, Dhingra D. Antidepressant-like activity of Celastrus paniculatus seed oil in mice subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 4(5): 576-93.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/BJPR/2014/5677]
[69]
Valecha R, Dhingra D. Behavioral and Biochemical Evidences for Antidepressant-Like Activity of Celastrus Paniculatus Seed Oil in Mice. Basic Clin Neurosci 2016; 7(1): 49-56.
[PMID: 27303599]
[70]
O’Donnell JM, Shelton RC. ew York: McGraw-Hill 2011; pp Drug therapy of depression and anxiety disorders Brunton LL, Chabner BA, Knollmann BC Goodman & Gilman’s: The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics (12th ed). 397-416.
[71]
Saini K, Chaudhary A, Sharma RK. Effect of Celastrus paniculatus on trace elements of cerebellum in ageing albino rats. Ann Neurosci 2012; 19(1): 21-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5214/ans.0972.7531.180405] [PMID: 25205957]
[72]
Gaitonde BB, Raiker KP, Shroff FN, Patel JR. Pharmacological studies with Malakanguni, an indigenous tranquillizing drug. Curr Med Pract 1957; 1: 619-21.
[73]
Pal A, Kumar KH, Bhushan B, Saharan V. Ashwagandha root extract inhibits acetylcholine esterase, protein modification and ameliorates H2O2-induced oxidative stress in rat lymphocytes. Pharmacogn J 2017; 9(3): 302-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5530/pj.2017.3.52]
[74]
Bhanumathy M, Chandrasekar SB, Chandur U, Somasundaram T. Phyto-pharmacology of Celastrus paniculatus: An Overview. Int J Pharm Sci Drug Res 2010; 2(3): 176-81.
[75]
Patil KS, Suryavanshi J. Effect of Celastrus paniculatus Willd: Seed on adjuvant induced arthritis in rats. Pharmacogn Mag 2007; 3(11): 177-81.
[76]
Hakim RA. A trial report on Malkanguni oil with other indigenous drugs in the treatment of psychiatric cases Gujarat state Branch. IMA Med Bulletin 1964; pp. 77-8.
[77]
Baranwal S, Gupta S, Singh RH. Controlled clinical trial of jyotishmati (Celastrus paniculatus Willd.) in cases of depressive illness. J Res Ayur Siddha 2001; 22(1): 35-47.

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy