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Current Drug Metabolism

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ISSN (Print): 1389-2002
ISSN (Online): 1875-5453

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Mini-Review Article

Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics of Phytochemicals in the Human Body

Author(s): Pooja Rathaur and Kaid Johar SR*

Volume 20, Issue 14, 2019

Page: [1085 - 1102] Pages: 18

DOI: 10.2174/1389200221666200103090757

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Phytochemicals are obtained from various plants and used for the treatment of diseases as both traditional and modern medicines. Poor bioavailability of phytochemicals is a major concern in applying phytochemicals as a therapeutic agent. It is, therefore, necessary to understand the metabolism and pharmacokinetics of phytochemicals for its implication as a therapeutic agent.

Methods: Articles on the metabolism of phytochemicals from the PubMed database. The articles were classified into the digestion, absorption, metabolism, excretion, toxicity, and bioavailability of phytochemicals and the effect of gut microbiota on the metabolism of phytochemicals.

Results: The metabolism of each phytochemical is largely dependent on the individual's digestive ability, membrane transporters, metabolizing enzymes and gut microbiota. Further, the form of the phytochemical and genetic make-up of the individual greatly influences the metabolism of phytochemicals.

Conclusion: The metabolism of phytochemicals is mostly depended on the form of phytochemicals and individualspecific variations in the metabolism of phytochemicals. Understanding the metabolism and pharmacokinetics of phytochemicals might help in applying plant-based medicines for the treatment of various diseases.

Keywords: Phytochemicals, drug metabolism, drug metabolizing enzymes, bioavailability, gut microbiota, computer models.

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