Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Current Cardiology Reviews

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1573-403X
ISSN (Online): 1875-6557

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Review Article

Coronary Fistula Between Left Anterior Descending Artery (LAD) and Pulmonary Artery (PA) Leading to Sudden Cardiac Death: Case Report with Literature Review

Author(s): Ayman Battisha*, Bader Madoukh, Omar Sheikh, Ahmed Altibi, Shakil Sheikh and Mohammed Al-Sadawi

Volume 16, Issue 2, 2020

Page: [98 - 102] Pages: 5

DOI: 10.2174/1573403X15666191008100848

Price: $65

Abstract

Coronary Artery Fistulas (CAF) are inappropriate connections between a coronary artery and a major vessel or a cardiac chamber. These fistulas may or may not present with symptoms, but they need to be detected as early as possible in order to decide the most appropriate treatment methodology (i.e. surgery vs. conservative management). We report the case of a 67-year-old female with no modifiable cardiovascular risk factors who had an unwitnessed sudden death at home during her ongoing evaluation of a fistula detected incidentally between the Left Anterior Descending Artery (LAD) and the Pulmonary Artery (PA). This case highlights that early diagnosis and treatment of symptomatic CAF are crucial to minimize the risk of sudden cardiac death. Although the symptomatic fistula of LAD to PA has been reported in the literature multiple times, it has been rarely reported that this fistula can result in sudden cardiac death.

Keywords: Coronary fistula, fistula between LAD and pulmonary artery, congenital coronary artery disease, angina, dyspnea, heart failure.

Graphical Abstract

[1]
Lim JJ, Jung JI, Lee BY, Lee HG. Prevalence and types of coronary artery fistulas detected with coronary CT angiography. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2014; 203(3): W237-43
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/AJR.13.11613] [PMID: 25148179]
[2]
Kim MS, Jung JI, Chun HJ. Coronary to pulmonary artery fistula: morphologic features at multidetector CT. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2010; 26(Suppl. 2): 273-80.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10554-010-9711-3] [PMID: 20878252]
[3]
Yun H, Zeng MS, Yang S, Jin H, Yang X. Congenital coronary artery fistulas: dual-source CT findings from consecutive 6,624 patients with suspected or confirmed coronary artery disease. Chin Med J (Engl) 2011; 124(24): 4172-7.
[PMID: 22340382]
[4]
Härle T, Kronberg K, Elsässer A. Coronary artery fistula with myocardial infarction due to steal syndrome. Clin Res Cardiol 2012; 101(4): 313-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00392-011-0405-1] [PMID: 22212517]
[5]
Meric M, Yuksel S. Diffuse coronary artery fistula leading to syncope and treated by transcatheter coil occlusion and a defibrillator: A case report. Med Princ Pract 2019; 28(5): 493-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000500309] [PMID: 30995647]
[6]
Lee SK, Jung JI, O JH, Kim HW, Youn HJ. Coronary-to-pulmonary artery fistula in adults: Evaluation with thallium-201 myocardial perfusion SPECT. PLoS One 2017; 12(12): e0189269
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0189269] [PMID: 29216309]
[7]
Chiu CZ, Shyu KG, Cheng JJ, et al. Angiographic and clinical manifestations of coronary fistulas in Chinese people: 15-year experience. Circ J 2008; 72(8): 1242-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1253/circj.72.1242] [PMID: 18654007]
[8]
Ibrahim MF, Sayed S, Elasfar A, Sallam A, Fadl M, Al Baradai A. Coronary fistula between the left anterior descending coronary artery and the pulmonary artery: Two case reports. J Saudi Heart Assoc 2012; 24(4): 253-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsha.2012.07.004] [PMID: 24174833]
[9]
Koneru J, Samuel A, Joshi M, Hamden A, Shamoon FE, Bikkina M. Coronary anomaly and coronary artery fistula as cause of angina pectoris with literature review. Case Rep Vasc Med 2011; 2011486187
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/486187] [PMID: 22937462]
[10]
Lee SJ, Her SH, Jin SW, et al. A case of bilateral coronary to pulmonary artery fistulas associated with severe aortic regurgitation. Korean Circ J 2008; 38(6): 331-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4070/kcj.2008.38.6.331] [PMID: 21779287]
[11]
Cao H, Ye L, Chan P, Fan H, Liu Z. Giant coronary artery aneurysm with fistula to the pulmonary artery complicated by frequent ventricular premature contractions: A case report. Medicine 2015; 94(7): e530
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000000530] [PMID: 25700316]
[12]
Abreu G, Azevedo P, Marques J, Nabais S. The ominous side of a coronary fistula. BMJ Case Rep 2015. 2015: 2015
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2015-212158] [PMID: 26311137]
[13]
Dichtl W, Waldenberger P, Pachinger O, Müller S. An uncommon coronary artery fistula causing survived sudden cardiac death in a young woman. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2005; 21(4): 387-90.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10554-004-7988-9] [PMID: 16047119]
[14]
Olearchyk AS, Runk DM, Alavi M, Grosso MA. Congenital bilateral coronary-to-pulmonary artery fistulas. Ann Thorac Surg 1997; 64(1): 233-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0003-4975(97)00347-0] [PMID: 9236369]
[15]
De Roeck F, Franssen C, De Wolf D. Exercise-induced ventricular arrhythmia due to bilateral coronary to pulmonary artery fistulas. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2019; 94(1): 112-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ccd.28108]
[16]
Lau G. Sudden death arising from a congenital coronary artery fistula. Forensic Sci Int 1995; 73(2): 125-30.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0379-0738(95)01721-T] [PMID: 7797185]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
19
3
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy