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Current Diabetes Reviews

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ISSN (Print): 1573-3998
ISSN (Online): 1875-6417

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Research Article

Early Occurrence Cases of Diabetes Mellitus: Clinical Picture in Two Major Tertiary Care Hospitals in India

Author(s): Nitin Joseph*, Shreya Sharma, Vinisha Modi, Sanath Manjunatha, Saad A. Siddiqui and Mihika Sinha

Volume 15, Issue 2, 2019

Page: [141 - 148] Pages: 8

DOI: 10.2174/1573399814666180424123255

Price: $65

Abstract

Introduction: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is one of the most common endocrine diseases in childhood. However, very limited information is available on this disease.

Objectives: This study was done to assess risk factors, clinical features and management practices in T1D patients.

Methods: A review of records of 39 T1D cases admitted over the past five years in two hospitals was done.

Results: The mean age at diagnosis among males (n=21) was 19.9±10.3 years and among females (n=18) was 12.3±7.5 years (t=2.614, p=0.013). Mean age at diagnosis of patients who were underweight (n=7) was 9.9±4.4 years, compared to 17.8±10.1 years among patients (n=32) with normal or overweight status (t=2.028, p=0.05). The family history of T1D was present among 7(18.0%) cases. The most common symptoms among the cases were fatigue 22(56.4%), polyuria 19(48.7%) and polydipsia 18(46.1%). The most common sign was weight loss 27(69.2%). The most common complications were diabetic nephropathy and skin infections seen each among 10(25.6%) cases. Mean duration of T1D was significantly more among patients with diabetic nephropathy (p<0.001), compared to those without. Mean HbA1c value among patients was 12.9±2.7. It was significantly more among patients with Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) (p=0.012). A short-acting insulin was used in the management of T1D among 59.5% cases. The outcome of the management showed a loss of one patient who developed DKA.

Conclusion: Routine growth monitoring and blood glucose analysis is required among T1D cases. The present study provides a database of risk factors, clinical features, and management practices among patients with T1D in this region and addresses several issues important to both patients and their care providers.

Keywords: Clinical features, complications, management, nutritional status, risk factors, type 1 diabetes mellitus.

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