Abstract
Background: One of the most important causes of death in the modern lifestyle is acute ischemic stroke, which is related to thrombosis in the blood vessels. Staphylokinase (SAK), a fibrinolytic agent, which is produced mainly by Staphylococcus aureus, is an indirect activator of plasminogen and belongs to the third generation of fibrinolytic enzymes.
Methods: Considering the very low level of production and immunogenicity concerns of natural SAK produced by Staphylococcus aureus, attempts have been made to produce recombinant SAKs with high production levels, more fibrinolytic activities and low immunogenicity.
Results and Conclusion: In this review, we summarized a number of expression systems based on recombinant DNA technology and protein-engineering approaches, which have been developed for the production of engineered recombinant SAK molecules with higher fibrinolytic activities and lower antigenicity.
Keywords: Staphylokinase, fibrinolytics, recombinant, thrombolysis, immunogenicity, plasminogen.
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
Title:Staphylokinase Enzyme: An Overview of Structure, Function and Engineered Forms
Volume: 18 Issue: 13
Author(s): Bahareh Vakili, Navid Nezafat, Manica Negahdaripour, Maryam Yari, Bijan Zare and Younes Ghasemi*
Affiliation:
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz,Iran
Keywords: Staphylokinase, fibrinolytics, recombinant, thrombolysis, immunogenicity, plasminogen.
Abstract: Background: One of the most important causes of death in the modern lifestyle is acute ischemic stroke, which is related to thrombosis in the blood vessels. Staphylokinase (SAK), a fibrinolytic agent, which is produced mainly by Staphylococcus aureus, is an indirect activator of plasminogen and belongs to the third generation of fibrinolytic enzymes.
Methods: Considering the very low level of production and immunogenicity concerns of natural SAK produced by Staphylococcus aureus, attempts have been made to produce recombinant SAKs with high production levels, more fibrinolytic activities and low immunogenicity.
Results and Conclusion: In this review, we summarized a number of expression systems based on recombinant DNA technology and protein-engineering approaches, which have been developed for the production of engineered recombinant SAK molecules with higher fibrinolytic activities and lower antigenicity.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Vakili Bahareh , Nezafat Navid, Negahdaripour Manica , Yari Maryam, Zare Bijan and Ghasemi Younes *, Staphylokinase Enzyme: An Overview of Structure, Function and Engineered Forms, Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 2017; 18 (13) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389201019666180209121323
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389201019666180209121323 |
Print ISSN 1389-2010 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4316 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Artificial Intelligence in Bioinformatics
Bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary field that analyzes and explores biological data. This field combines biology and information system. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has attracted great attention as it tries to replicate human intelligence. It has become common technology for analyzing and solving complex data and problems and encompasses sub-fields of machine ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Synthesis of New Thiazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidines as Corticotropin Releasing Factor Modulators
Medicinal Chemistry The Role of Spiritual Health Experience with Intensity and Duration of Labor Pain While Childbearing and Postpartum
Current Women`s Health Reviews ABC Transporters in the CNS – An Inventory
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Advanced Cardiac Imaging of Radiation-induced Injury - a Review
Current Medical Imaging Hemodynamic Monitoring in the Acute Management of Pediatric Heart Failure
Current Cardiology Reviews Endothelins and the Role of Endothelin Antagonists in the Management of Posttraumatic Vasospasm
Current Pharmaceutical Design Apoptosis in Atherosclerosis: Virtue or Vice
Current Cardiology Reviews Genetic Signatures in Ischemic Stroke: Focus on Aspirin Resistance
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Novelty in Inflammation and Immunomodulation in Migraine
Current Pharmaceutical Design Coronary Risk Assessment and Management Options in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Prior to Kidney Transplantation
Current Cardiology Reviews The Potential Health Benefits of Algae and Micro Algae in Medicine: A Review on Spirulina platensis
Current Nutrition & Food Science Can Host Cell Proteins Like ACE2, ADAM17, TMPRSS2, Androgen Receptor be the Efficient Targets in SARS-CoV-2 Infection?
Current Drug Targets Osteoporosis and its Association with Non-Gonadal Hormones Involved in Hypertension, Adiposity and Hyperglycaemia
Current Drug Targets Phenylbutyric Acid Protects Against Spatial Memory Deficits in a Model of Repeated Electroconvulsive Therapy
Current Neurovascular Research Gene and Gene-Environment Risk Factors in Sudden Undexpected Death in Infants
Current Pediatric Reviews Complications Associated with Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator Therapy for Acute Ischaemic Stroke
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Connexin43 and Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Increased OPG Expression and Impaired OPG/TRAIL Ratio in the Aorta of Diabetic Rats
Medicinal Chemistry Echocardiography Parameters in Behcet’s Disease, A Comparative Study
Current Rheumatology Reviews Editorial (Thematic Issue: Sex, Environment, Physical Activity, Diet, and Obesity in Cardiovascular Disease Risk)
Current Vascular Pharmacology