Abstract
Background: The last two decades have seen a great advance in the data that supports the two current hypotheses in Alzheimer's disease field, the amyloid beta hypothesis and the tau hypothesis. Not surprisingly, Aβ and tau proteins are currently the major therapeutic research targets for AD treatment. Unfortunately, nothing but moderate success has emerged from such therapeutic approaches. With this in mind, we will discuss deep brain stimulation as a promising therapeutic strategy that aims to restore brain activity. Lastly, in the scope of cognitive deficit restoration, we will discuss the relevance of the limbic formation as a promising neuroanatomical target for deep brain stimulation.
Methods: Immunohistochemistry for modified tau (phosphorylated at Ser199–202–Thr205 labelled by the antibody AT8) was performed on paraffin-embedded human brain sections providing a detailed characterization of NFT pathology. Results: Abnormally phosphorylated tau protein is the key common marker in several brain diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Pick Disease, Down syndrome and frontotemporal dementia and is capable of affecting synaptic events that are critical for memory formation. With this in mind, therapeutic strategies aiming to restore synaptic events could offer better outcomes. Conclusion: The humble success of current therapeutic strategies along with the lack of basic knowledge of the brain disease mechanisms calls for alternatives that benefit patients in the present moment. One of particular interest is the neurostimulation strategy that is already a well-established treatment for several movement disorders and when compared to current Alzheimer's therapeutic strategies, deep brain stimulation does not directly interfere with the normal protein function, therefore increasing the probability of success.Keywords: Amyloid beta, brain diseases, neurostimulation, phosphorylation, synaptic failure, synaptic plasticity, tau, therapeutic targets.
Current Alzheimer Research
Title:Tau, Amyloid Beta and Deep Brain Stimulation: Aiming to Restore Cognitive Deficit in Alzheimer's Disease
Volume: 14 Issue: 1
Author(s): Siddhartha Mondragón-Rodríguez, George Perry, Fernando Pena-Ortega and Sylvain Williams
Affiliation:
Keywords: Amyloid beta, brain diseases, neurostimulation, phosphorylation, synaptic failure, synaptic plasticity, tau, therapeutic targets.
Abstract: Background: The last two decades have seen a great advance in the data that supports the two current hypotheses in Alzheimer's disease field, the amyloid beta hypothesis and the tau hypothesis. Not surprisingly, Aβ and tau proteins are currently the major therapeutic research targets for AD treatment. Unfortunately, nothing but moderate success has emerged from such therapeutic approaches. With this in mind, we will discuss deep brain stimulation as a promising therapeutic strategy that aims to restore brain activity. Lastly, in the scope of cognitive deficit restoration, we will discuss the relevance of the limbic formation as a promising neuroanatomical target for deep brain stimulation.
Methods: Immunohistochemistry for modified tau (phosphorylated at Ser199–202–Thr205 labelled by the antibody AT8) was performed on paraffin-embedded human brain sections providing a detailed characterization of NFT pathology. Results: Abnormally phosphorylated tau protein is the key common marker in several brain diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Pick Disease, Down syndrome and frontotemporal dementia and is capable of affecting synaptic events that are critical for memory formation. With this in mind, therapeutic strategies aiming to restore synaptic events could offer better outcomes. Conclusion: The humble success of current therapeutic strategies along with the lack of basic knowledge of the brain disease mechanisms calls for alternatives that benefit patients in the present moment. One of particular interest is the neurostimulation strategy that is already a well-established treatment for several movement disorders and when compared to current Alzheimer's therapeutic strategies, deep brain stimulation does not directly interfere with the normal protein function, therefore increasing the probability of success.Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Mondragón-Rodríguez Siddhartha, Perry George, Pena-Ortega Fernando and Williams Sylvain, Tau, Amyloid Beta and Deep Brain Stimulation: Aiming to Restore Cognitive Deficit in Alzheimer's Disease, Current Alzheimer Research 2017; 14 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567205013666160819131336
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567205013666160819131336 |
Print ISSN 1567-2050 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5828 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
New Advances in the Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Rehabilitation of Alzheimer's Disease
Aims and Scope: Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant global health challenge, with an increasing prevalence that demands concerted efforts to advance our understanding and strategies for prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation. This thematic issue aims to bring together cutting-edge research and innovative approaches from multidisciplinary perspectives to address ...read more
Current updates on the Role of Neuroinflammation in Neurodegenerative Disorders
Neuroinflammation is an invariable hallmark of chronic and acute neurodegenerative disorders and has long been considered a potential drug target for Alzheimer?s disease (AD) and dementia. Significant evidence of inflammatory processes as a feature of AD is provided by the presence of inflammatory markers in plasma, CSF and postmortem brain ...read more
Deep Learning for Advancing Alzheimer's Disease Research
Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant global health challenge, with an increasing number of individuals affected yearly. Deep learning, a subfield of artificial intelligence, has shown immense potential in various domains, including healthcare. This thematic issue of Current Alzheimer Research explores the application of deep learning techniques in advancing our ...read more
Diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers of dementia
Dementia affects 18 million people worldwide. Dementia is a syndrome of symptoms caused by brain disease, usually chronic or progressive, clinically characterized by multiple impairments of higher cortical functions such as memory, thinking, orientation, and learning. In addition, in the course of dementia, cognitive deficits are observed, which often hinder ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
A Compendium of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Released By Human Cell Lines
Current Medicinal Chemistry Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of the Antidepressant and Anticonvulsant Activities of Triazole-Containing Benzo[d]oxazoles
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Molecular Structure of Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors
Current Medicinal Chemistry A Role of GABA Analogues in the Treatment of Neurological Diseases
Current Medicinal Chemistry An Update on GABA Analogs for CNS Drug Discovery
Recent Patents on CNS Drug Discovery (Discontinued) Using Endogenous Neural Stem Cells to Enhance Recovery from Ischemic Brain Injury
Current Neurovascular Research Ultra-micronized Palmitoylethanolamide: An Efficacious Adjuvant Therapy for Parkinson’s Disease
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Synthesis and Anticonvulsant Activity of Some Novel Semicarbazone Containing Benzoxazole: Pharmacophore Model Study
Current Bioactive Compounds 5-HT7 Receptor Ligands: Recent Developments and Potential Therapeutic Applications
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Interaction of Different Proteins with GABA<sub>A</sub> Receptor and their Modulatory Effect on Inhibitory Neural Transmission Leads to Epilepsy
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Herbal Medicine for Anxiety, Depression and Insomnia
Current Neuropharmacology Integrating Virtual Screening Methods to the Quest for Novel Membrane Protein Ligands
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Central Nervous System Agents Review of Topiramate: An Antiepileptic for the Treatment of Alcohol Dependence
Current Drug Abuse Reviews The Interplay Among Epilepsy, Parkinson’s Disease and Inflammation: Revisiting the Link through Ca<sup>2+</sup>/cAMP Signalling
Current Neurovascular Research The Contribution of DTI in Determining the Relationship of Epilepsy and Brain Lesions in Children with Tuberous Sclerosis
Current Medical Imaging Down Regulated Expression of Claudin-1 and Claudin-5 and Up Regulation of β-Catenin: Association with Human Glioma Progression
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Unusual Clinical Manifestations of the Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Current Rheumatology Reviews Understanding the Molecular Mechanisms of Betel miRNAs on Human Health
MicroRNA Subject Index To Volume 6
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Co-Existence of GABA and Glu in the Hippocampal Granule Cells: Implications for Epilepsy
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry