Abstract
Plants exhibit sensitive mechanisms to respond to environmental stresses, presenting some specific and non-specific reactions when attacked by pathogens, including organisms from different classes and complexity, as viroids, viruses, bacteria, fungi and nematodes. A crucial step to define the fate of the plant facing an invading pathogen is the activation of a compatible Resistance (R) gene, the focus of the present review. Different aspects regarding R-genes and their products are discussed, including pathogen recognition mechanisms, signaling and effects on induced and constitutive defense processes, splicing and post transcriptional mechanisms involved. There are still countless challenges to the complete understanding of the mechanisms involving R-genes in plants, in particular those related to the interactions with other genes of the pathogen and of the host itself, their regulation, acting mechanisms at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, as well as the influence of other types of stress over their regulation. A magnification of knowledge is expected when considering the novel information from the omics and systems biology.
Keywords: Avirulence, DAMPs, hypersensitive response, MAMPs, PAMPs, R-gene, signal transduction.
Current Protein & Peptide Science
Title:Plant Elite Squad: First Defense Line and Resistance Genes – Identification, Diversity and Functional Roles
Volume: 18 Issue: 4
Author(s): Ana Carolina Wanderley-Nogueira, Joao Pacífico Bezerra-Neto, Ederson Akio Kido, Flavia Tadeu de Araujo, Lidiane Lindinalva Barbosa Amorim, Sergio Crovella and Ana Maria Benko-Iseppon
Affiliation:
Keywords: Avirulence, DAMPs, hypersensitive response, MAMPs, PAMPs, R-gene, signal transduction.
Abstract: Plants exhibit sensitive mechanisms to respond to environmental stresses, presenting some specific and non-specific reactions when attacked by pathogens, including organisms from different classes and complexity, as viroids, viruses, bacteria, fungi and nematodes. A crucial step to define the fate of the plant facing an invading pathogen is the activation of a compatible Resistance (R) gene, the focus of the present review. Different aspects regarding R-genes and their products are discussed, including pathogen recognition mechanisms, signaling and effects on induced and constitutive defense processes, splicing and post transcriptional mechanisms involved. There are still countless challenges to the complete understanding of the mechanisms involving R-genes in plants, in particular those related to the interactions with other genes of the pathogen and of the host itself, their regulation, acting mechanisms at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, as well as the influence of other types of stress over their regulation. A magnification of knowledge is expected when considering the novel information from the omics and systems biology.
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Wanderley-Nogueira Carolina Ana, Bezerra-Neto Pacífico Joao, Kido Akio Ederson, Araujo Tadeu de Flavia, Amorim Lindinalva Barbosa Lidiane, Crovella Sergio and Benko-Iseppon Maria Ana, Plant Elite Squad: First Defense Line and Resistance Genes – Identification, Diversity and Functional Roles, Current Protein & Peptide Science 2017; 18 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389203717666160724193045
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389203717666160724193045 |
Print ISSN 1389-2037 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5550 |
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