Abstract
Gastrointestinal homeostasis is a dynamic balance under the interaction between the host, GI tract, nutrition and energy metabolism. Glucose is the main energy source in living cells. Thus, glucose metabolic disorders can impair normal cellular function and endanger organisms’ health. Diseases that are associated with glucose metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and other metabolic syndromes are in fact life threatening. Digestive system is responsible for food digestion and nutrient absorption. It is also involved in neuronal, immune, and endocrine pathways. In addition, the gut microbiota plays an essential role in initiating signal transduction, and communication between the enteric and central nervous system. Gut-brain axis is composed of enteric neural system, central neural system, and all the efferent and afferent neurons that are involved in signal transduction between the brain and gut-brain. Gut-brain axis is influenced by the gut-microbiota as well as numerous neurotransmitters. Properly regulated gut-brain axis ensures normal digestion, absorption, energy production, and subsequently maintenance of glucose homeostasis. Understanding the underlying regulatory mechanisms of gut-brain axis involved in gluose homeostasis would enable us develop more efficient means of prevention and management of metabolic disease such as diabetic, obesity, and hypertension.
Keywords: Endocrine-immune, glucose homeostasis, gut-brain axis, intestine, microbes.
Current Protein & Peptide Science
Title:Maintenance of Gastrointestinal Glucose Homeostasis by the Gut-Brain Axis
Volume: 18 Issue: 6
Author(s): Xiyue Chen, Shabnam Eslamfam, Luoyun Fang, Shiyan Qiao and Xi Ma*
Affiliation:
- State Key Lab of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193,China
Keywords: Endocrine-immune, glucose homeostasis, gut-brain axis, intestine, microbes.
Abstract: Gastrointestinal homeostasis is a dynamic balance under the interaction between the host, GI tract, nutrition and energy metabolism. Glucose is the main energy source in living cells. Thus, glucose metabolic disorders can impair normal cellular function and endanger organisms’ health. Diseases that are associated with glucose metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and other metabolic syndromes are in fact life threatening. Digestive system is responsible for food digestion and nutrient absorption. It is also involved in neuronal, immune, and endocrine pathways. In addition, the gut microbiota plays an essential role in initiating signal transduction, and communication between the enteric and central nervous system. Gut-brain axis is composed of enteric neural system, central neural system, and all the efferent and afferent neurons that are involved in signal transduction between the brain and gut-brain. Gut-brain axis is influenced by the gut-microbiota as well as numerous neurotransmitters. Properly regulated gut-brain axis ensures normal digestion, absorption, energy production, and subsequently maintenance of glucose homeostasis. Understanding the underlying regulatory mechanisms of gut-brain axis involved in gluose homeostasis would enable us develop more efficient means of prevention and management of metabolic disease such as diabetic, obesity, and hypertension.
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Cite this article as:
Chen Xiyue, Eslamfam Shabnam, Fang Luoyun, Qiao Shiyan and Ma Xi*, Maintenance of Gastrointestinal Glucose Homeostasis by the Gut-Brain Axis, Current Protein & Peptide Science 2017; 18 (6) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389203717666160627083604
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389203717666160627083604 |
Print ISSN 1389-2037 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5550 |
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