Abstract
Exercise promotes several health benefits, such as cardiovascular, musculoskeletal and cardiorespiratory improvements. It is believed that the practice of exercise in individuals with psychiatric disorders, e.g. schizophrenia, can cause significant changes. Schizophrenic patients have problematic lifestyle habits compared with general population; this may cause a high mortality rate, mainly caused by cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate changes in physical and mental health, cognitive and brain functioning due to the practice of exercise in patients with schizophrenia. Although still little is known about the benefits of exercise on mental health, cognitive and brain functioning of schizophrenic patients, exercise training has been shown to be a beneficial intervention in the control and reduction of disease severity. Type of training, form of execution, duration and intensity need to be better studied as the effects on physical and mental health, cognition and brain activity depend exclusively of interconnected factors, such as the combination of exercise and medication. However, one should understand that exercise is not only an effective nondrug alternative, but also acts as a supporting linking up interventions to promote improvements in process performance optimization. In general, the positive effects on mental health, cognition and brain activity as a result of an exercise program are quite evident. Few studies have been published correlating effects of exercise in patients with schizophrenia, but there is increasing evidence that positive and negative symptoms can be improved. Therefore, it is important that further studies be undertaken to expand the knowledge of physical exercise on mental health in people with schizophrenia, as well as its dose-response and the most effective type of exercise.
Keywords: Brain activity, cognitive function, exercise, mental health, schizophrenia.
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets
Title:Effects of Exercise on Physical and Mental Health, and Cognitive and Brain Functions in Schizophrenia: Clinical and Experimental Evidence
Volume: 14 Issue: 10
Author(s): Mirko Wegner, Sergio Machado, Ti-Fei Yuan, Antonio Egidio Nardi, Oscar Arias-Carrion, Joao Manuel R.S. Tavares, Joana Rocha, Nuno Barbosa Ferreira Rocha, Henning Budde, Ridson Rosa Rimes, Gioia Mura, Mauro Giovanni Carta, Flavia Paes, Joao Manochio, Alberto Souza de Sa Filho, Murilo Khede Lamego and Antonio Marcos de Souza Moura
Affiliation:
Keywords: Brain activity, cognitive function, exercise, mental health, schizophrenia.
Abstract: Exercise promotes several health benefits, such as cardiovascular, musculoskeletal and cardiorespiratory improvements. It is believed that the practice of exercise in individuals with psychiatric disorders, e.g. schizophrenia, can cause significant changes. Schizophrenic patients have problematic lifestyle habits compared with general population; this may cause a high mortality rate, mainly caused by cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate changes in physical and mental health, cognitive and brain functioning due to the practice of exercise in patients with schizophrenia. Although still little is known about the benefits of exercise on mental health, cognitive and brain functioning of schizophrenic patients, exercise training has been shown to be a beneficial intervention in the control and reduction of disease severity. Type of training, form of execution, duration and intensity need to be better studied as the effects on physical and mental health, cognition and brain activity depend exclusively of interconnected factors, such as the combination of exercise and medication. However, one should understand that exercise is not only an effective nondrug alternative, but also acts as a supporting linking up interventions to promote improvements in process performance optimization. In general, the positive effects on mental health, cognition and brain activity as a result of an exercise program are quite evident. Few studies have been published correlating effects of exercise in patients with schizophrenia, but there is increasing evidence that positive and negative symptoms can be improved. Therefore, it is important that further studies be undertaken to expand the knowledge of physical exercise on mental health in people with schizophrenia, as well as its dose-response and the most effective type of exercise.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Wegner Mirko, Machado Sergio, Yuan Ti-Fei, Nardi Egidio Antonio, Arias-Carrion Oscar, R.S. Tavares Manuel Joao, Rocha Joana, Ferreira Rocha Barbosa Nuno, Budde Henning, Rimes Rosa Ridson, Mura Gioia, Carta Giovanni Mauro, Paes Flavia, Manochio Joao, de Sa Filho Souza Alberto, Lamego Khede Murilo and de Souza Moura Marcos Antonio, Effects of Exercise on Physical and Mental Health, and Cognitive and Brain Functions in Schizophrenia: Clinical and Experimental Evidence, CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets 2015; 14 (10) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871527315666151111130659
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871527315666151111130659 |
Print ISSN 1871-5273 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1996-3181 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Diagnosis and treatment of central nervous system infectious diseases
Infectious diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) can be divided into bacterial, tuberculous, viral, fungal, parasitic infections, etc. Early etiological treatment is often the most crucial means to reduce the mortality rate of patients with central nervous system infections, reduce complications and sequelae, and improve prognosis. The initial clinical ...read more
Techniques of Drug Repurposing: Delivering a new life to Herbs & Drugs
Of late, with the adaptation of innovative approaches and integration of advancements made towards medical sciences as well as the availability of a wide range of tools; several therapeutic challenges are being translated into viable clinical solutions, with a high degree of efficacy, safety, and selectivity. With a better understanding ...read more
Trends and perspectives in the rational management of CNS disorders
Central nervous system (CNS) diseases enforce a significant global health burden, driving ongoing efforts to improve our understanding and effectiveness of therapy. This issue investigates current advances in the discipline, focusing on the understanding as well as therapeutic handling of various CNS diseases. The issue covers a variety of diseases, ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
FMRI of the Emotions: Towards an Improved Understanding of Amygdala Function
Current Medical Imaging Sweet and Sour - Oxidative and Carbonyl Stress in Neurological Disorders
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a Source of Dopaminergic Neurons: A Potential Cell Based Therapy for Parkinson's Disease
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy State Dissociation, Human Behavior, and Consciousness
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Targeting the NMDA Receptor for Fear-Related Disorders
Recent Patents on CNS Drug Discovery (Discontinued) REM sleep and its Loss-Associated Epigenetic Regulation with Reference to Noradrenaline in Particular
Current Neuropharmacology Drug Delivery to the Inner Ear: Strategies and Their Therapeutic Implications for Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Current Drug Delivery Predicting Progression from Cognitive Impairment to Alzheimer’s Disease with the Disease State Index
Current Alzheimer Research Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Cognitive Status: The Delicate Balance Among People Living with HIV, with and without Alcohol Abuse
Current HIV Research Ability of older people with dementia or cognitive impairment to manage medicine regimens: a narrative review
Current Clinical Pharmacology Editorial (Thematic Issue: Current Approaches for Antipsychotics in Drug Discovery: Hope Beyond the Dopamine D2 Receptor?)
Current Pharmaceutical Design Genetic Susceptibility to Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms in Alzheimer Disease
Current Alzheimer Research Novel Potential Therapeutics for Schizophrenia: Focus on the Modulation of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Function
Current Neuropharmacology Advances in Drug Safety
Current Pharmaceutical Design Aging Affects Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Brain
Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry In vivo Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and its Applications in Autistic Disorder
Current Molecular Imaging (Discontinued) Treatment Options for Persistent Coagulase Negative Staphylococcal Bacteremia in Neonates
Current Pediatric Reviews The Heme Oxygenase/Biliverdin Reductase Pathway in Drug Research and Development
Current Drug Metabolism Endophenotypes and Biological Markers of Schizophrenia: From Biological Signs of Illness to Novel Treatment Targets
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Cannabinoids Switch of Oxidative Stress: A Double-Edged Sword
Mini-Reviews in Organic Chemistry