Abstract
While combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) can drive HIV-1 RNA levels to < 50 copies/mL in patient plasma, most infected individuals continue to harbor low-level persistent viremia. Latently infected resting CD4+ T cells are thought to constitute the major reservoir of HIV-1 persistence. In this reservoir, the integrated provirus remains transcriptionally silent as long as the host cell is in a resting state. On discontinuation of cART, these viruses can reactivate and lead to waves of de novo infection events. The prevailing hypothesis in the field is that molecules that reactivate latent HIV-1 infection will purge this reservoir by inducing transcription of the latent provirus, thereby causing cells to undergo apoptosis. This review article summarizes the results of all therapeutic approaches that have been clinically evaluated for their potential to reverse HIV latency.
Keywords: Cure, HIV-1, Latency, Latency reversing agents, Resting CD4+ T cells.
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Therapeutic Approaches to Eradicate Latent HIV-1 in Resting CD4+ T Cells
Volume: 16 Issue: 10
Author(s): Nicolas Sluis-Cremer
Affiliation:
Keywords: Cure, HIV-1, Latency, Latency reversing agents, Resting CD4+ T cells.
Abstract: While combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) can drive HIV-1 RNA levels to < 50 copies/mL in patient plasma, most infected individuals continue to harbor low-level persistent viremia. Latently infected resting CD4+ T cells are thought to constitute the major reservoir of HIV-1 persistence. In this reservoir, the integrated provirus remains transcriptionally silent as long as the host cell is in a resting state. On discontinuation of cART, these viruses can reactivate and lead to waves of de novo infection events. The prevailing hypothesis in the field is that molecules that reactivate latent HIV-1 infection will purge this reservoir by inducing transcription of the latent provirus, thereby causing cells to undergo apoptosis. This review article summarizes the results of all therapeutic approaches that have been clinically evaluated for their potential to reverse HIV latency.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Sluis-Cremer Nicolas, Therapeutic Approaches to Eradicate Latent HIV-1 in Resting CD4+ T Cells, Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 2016; 16 (10) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026615666150901114138
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026615666150901114138 |
Print ISSN 1568-0266 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4294 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Chemistry Based on Natural Products for Therapeutic Purposes
The development of new pharmaceuticals for a wide range of medical conditions has long relied on the identification of promising natural products (NPs). There are over sixty percent of cancer, infectious illness, and CNS disease medications that include an NP pharmacophore, according to the Food and Drug Administration. Since NP ...read more
Current Trends in Drug Discovery Based on Artificial Intelligence and Computer-Aided Drug Design
Drug development discovery has faced several challenges over the years. In fact, the evolution of classical approaches to modern methods using computational methods, or Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD), has shown promising and essential results in any drug discovery campaign. Among these methods, molecular docking is one of the most notable ...read more
Drug Discovery in the Age of Artificial Intelligence
In the age of artificial intelligence (AI), we have witnessed a significant boom in AI techniques for drug discovery. AI techniques are increasingly integrated and accelerating the drug discovery process. These developments have not only attracted the attention of academia and industry but also raised important questions regarding the selection ...read more
From Biodiversity to Chemical Diversity: Focus of Flavonoids
Flavonoids are the largest group of polyphenols, plant secondary metabolites arising from the essential aromatic amino acid phenylalanine (or more rarely from tyrosine) via the phenylpropanoid pathway. The flavan nucleus is the basic 15-carbon skeleton of flavonoids (C6-C3-C6), which consists of two phenyl rings (A and B) and a heterocyclic ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Current Quest in Natural Bioactive Compounds for Alzheimer’s Disease: Multi-Targeted-Designed-Ligand Based Approach with Preclinical and Clinical Based Evidence
Current Drug Targets ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters at the Blood-Brain Barrier in Ischaemic Stroke
Current Pharmaceutical Design Genetics and Mitochondrial Abnormalities in Autism Spectrum Disorders:A Review
Current Genomics Voxel-wise Functional Connectivity of the Default Mode Network in Epilepsies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Current Neuropharmacology Antiepileptic Drugs (AEDs) Polypharmacy Could Lead to Buried Pharmacokinetic Interactions due to CYP450
Drug Metabolism Letters Pyrrole: Chemical Synthesis, Microwave Assisted Synthesis, Reactions and Applications: A Review
Current Organic Chemistry Update Clinical Application of Diffusion Tensor Imaging
Current Medical Imaging Editorial [Hot Topic: Anticonvulsant Agents (Guest Editor: Barbara Malawska)]
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Synthesis and Anticonvulsant Activity of α-Amino Acid Amide Derivatives
Current Bioactive Compounds Natural Products Based Ayurvedic Formulations: Chemical Cons tituents and Treatment in Neurodegenerative Disordersǂ
Mini-Reviews in Organic Chemistry The Enigmatic Drug Binding Site for Sodium Channel Inhibitors
Current Molecular Pharmacology Vaccine Safety Monitoring Systems in Developing Countries: An Example of the Vietnam Model
Current Drug Safety Regulation of Self-Reactive T Cells by Human Immunoglobulins- Implications for Multiple Sclerosis Therapy
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Four Human γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Transporters: Pharmacological Characterization and Validation of a Highly Efficient Screening Assay
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening Editorial [Hot Topic: Glutamate Receptors and Related Processes as Drug Targets (Guest Editor: Michel Baudry)]
Current Drug Targets Yoga can Alter the Autonomic Neural Activity: A Critical Analysis
Current Traditional Medicine Anesthetics as Chemical Tools to Study the Structure and Function of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors
Current Protein & Peptide Science Regulation of Medical Devices and their Clinical Trials Studies in the USA: An Update
Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering New Adamantane Derivatives with Sigma Affinity and Antiproliferative Activity
Medicinal Chemistry Imaging Endogenous Neurotransmitters In Vivo with Positron Emission Tomography Displacement Studies
Current Psychopharmacology