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Current Protein & Peptide Science

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1389-2037
ISSN (Online): 1875-5550

Metabolites of Dietary Protein and Peptides by Intestinal Microbes and their Impacts on Gut

Author(s): Peixin Fan, Linsen Li, Arash Rezaei, Shabnam Eslamfam, Dongsheng Che and Xi Ma

Volume 16, Issue 7, 2015

Page: [646 - 654] Pages: 9

DOI: 10.2174/1389203716666150630133657

Price: $65

Abstract

Dietary protein is a vital nutrient for humans and animals, which is primarily digested into peptides and free amino acids (FAAs) in the upper gastrointestine with the help of proteases. The products are absorbed by the enterocytes and are metabolized in different organs of body. Dietary protein, peptides and FAAs that escape digestion and absorption of the small intestine will enter the large intestine for further fermentation by the vast gut microbiota. Particularly, amino acid (AAs) metabolism by bacteria occurs via either deamination or decarboxylation reactions and generates short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) or amines, respectively. These metabolites elicit a wide range of biological functions via different receptors and mechanisms. This review discusses the interaction between protein metabolites and gastrointestine, illustrates regulation of intestinal motility and immune response by SCFAs and their receptors, and focuses on modulation of intestinal inflammation and signal transduction by biogenic amines (BAs) involving polyamines and monoamine neurotransmitters.

Keywords: Biogenic amines (BAs), gastrointestine, immunity, microbial metabolites, neurotransmitters, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs).

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