Abstract
Background: Financial status has been considered as an important health determinant and associated with compliance to healthier lifestyle habits, medical treatment and increased prevalence of mental disorders. The aim of this work was to evaluate the association between financial status, patient adherence to medication, 10-year allcause mortality and risk for Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), in a Greek sample of cardiac patients.
Methods: From October 2003-September 2004 a sample of 2,172 consecutive ACS patients from 6 hospitals was enrolled. In 2013-14, the 10-year follow-up was performed in 1,918 participants. Adherence to medical treatment was recorded through self-reports and financial status was classified as low (<9,000€), moderate (9-18,000€), good (19-48,000€) and very good (>48,000€).
Results: The “low”-to-“very” good financial status 10-year all-cause mortality rate was 1.7:1 (p<0.001). Unadjusted analysis revealed no association between financial status and ACS incidence (p=0.22); however, multi-adjusted analysis, after taking into account various clinical and lifestyle factors, revealed that “good/very good” financial status was associated with 23% (95%CI 2%, 40%, p=0.04) lower 10-year risk of ACS as compared with “low/moderate”; a finding that became insignificant when adherence to medication was taken into account.
Conclusions: Low financial status seems to play a critical role in the long-term ACS prognosis. Health policies, to tackle non-compliance to medication, are needed to minimize the disease burden in clinical and community settings.
Keywords: Cardiovascular disease, financial status, socio-economic status, medical adherence, risk factors, public health.
Current Vascular Pharmacology
Title:Lower Financial Status and Adherence to Medication Determines 10-Year (2004-2014) All-Cause Mortality and Risk for Acute Coronary Syndrome Incidence Among Cardiac Patients: the GREECS Study
Volume: 13 Issue: 6
Author(s): Venetia Notara, Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos, Christos Pitsavos, Yannis Kogias, Petros Stravopodis, George Papanagnou, Spyros Zombolos, Yannis Mantas and Christodoulos Stefanadis
Affiliation:
Keywords: Cardiovascular disease, financial status, socio-economic status, medical adherence, risk factors, public health.
Abstract: Background: Financial status has been considered as an important health determinant and associated with compliance to healthier lifestyle habits, medical treatment and increased prevalence of mental disorders. The aim of this work was to evaluate the association between financial status, patient adherence to medication, 10-year allcause mortality and risk for Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), in a Greek sample of cardiac patients.
Methods: From October 2003-September 2004 a sample of 2,172 consecutive ACS patients from 6 hospitals was enrolled. In 2013-14, the 10-year follow-up was performed in 1,918 participants. Adherence to medical treatment was recorded through self-reports and financial status was classified as low (<9,000€), moderate (9-18,000€), good (19-48,000€) and very good (>48,000€).
Results: The “low”-to-“very” good financial status 10-year all-cause mortality rate was 1.7:1 (p<0.001). Unadjusted analysis revealed no association between financial status and ACS incidence (p=0.22); however, multi-adjusted analysis, after taking into account various clinical and lifestyle factors, revealed that “good/very good” financial status was associated with 23% (95%CI 2%, 40%, p=0.04) lower 10-year risk of ACS as compared with “low/moderate”; a finding that became insignificant when adherence to medication was taken into account.
Conclusions: Low financial status seems to play a critical role in the long-term ACS prognosis. Health policies, to tackle non-compliance to medication, are needed to minimize the disease burden in clinical and community settings.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Notara Venetia, Panagiotakos B. Demosthenes, Pitsavos Christos, Kogias Yannis, Stravopodis Petros, Papanagnou George, Zombolos Spyros, Mantas Yannis and Stefanadis Christodoulos, Lower Financial Status and Adherence to Medication Determines 10-Year (2004-2014) All-Cause Mortality and Risk for Acute Coronary Syndrome Incidence Among Cardiac Patients: the GREECS Study, Current Vascular Pharmacology 2015; 13 (6) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570161113666150120093329
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570161113666150120093329 |
Print ISSN 1570-1611 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6212 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases: Mechanisms, Diagnosis and Therapy
Ischemic cardiovascular disease includes myocardial infarction, coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, angina pectoris, etc., constitute the leading cause of patient mortality by preventing tissues from getting sufficient oxygen and nutrients. Ischemic heart disease, as a clinical condition, is characterized by myocardial ischemia, causing an imbalance between myocardial blood supply and demand, ...read more
TREATMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN CHRONIC AND END STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE
Cardiovascular disease still remains the leading cause of death in Chronic and End Stage Kidney Disease, accounting for more than half of all deaths in dialysis patients. During the past decade, research has been focused on novel therapeutic agents that might delay or even reverse cardiovascular disease and vascular calcification, ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Alkaptonuria, Ochronosis and Ochronotic Arthropathy in Mainland France and the Reunion Island. A Report of Clinical and Molecular Findings in 29 Patients
Current Rheumatology Reviews Fenofibrate, Homocysteine and Renal Function
Current Vascular Pharmacology Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Cell System in Health and Disease
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Combination Therapy of Statins with Ezetimibe
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) Identification of Genes for a Complex Trait: Examples from Hypertension
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Dietary Antioxidants as Potential Pharmacological Agents for Ischemic Stroke
Current Medicinal Chemistry Current and Future Clinical Strategies in Colon Cancer Prevention and the Emerging Role of Chemoprevention
Current Pharmaceutical Design Cardiovascular Disease: An Economical Perspective
Current Pharmaceutical Design Atherosclerotic Plaque Detection by Multi-detector Computed Tomography
Current Cardiology Reviews Phenotypes and Enviromental Factors: Their Influence in PCOS
Current Pharmaceutical Design Determinants of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) Cell Adhesion Molecules as Pharmaceutical Target in Atherosclerosis
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Molecular Biological Roles of Ursolic Acid in the Treatment of Human Diseases
Current Bioactive Compounds On the Relationship Between the Light/Dark Cycle, Melatonin and Oxidative Stress
Current Pharmaceutical Design Risk Stratification of Dyslipidemia: Insights from the Framingham Study
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents Insights into Oxidative Stress: The Isoprostanes
Current Medicinal Chemistry Coffee and Caffeine Effects on Hypertension
Current Hypertension Reviews Insights Into the Role of microRNAs in Cardiac Diseases: From Biological Signalling to Therapeutic Targets
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Association of Low BMI with Aortic Stiffness in Young Healthy Individuals
Current Hypertension Reviews Overview of Green Tea Interaction with Cardiovascular Drugs
Current Pharmaceutical Design