Abstract
Background: Financial status has been considered as an important health determinant and associated with compliance to healthier lifestyle habits, medical treatment and increased prevalence of mental disorders. The aim of this work was to evaluate the association between financial status, patient adherence to medication, 10-year allcause mortality and risk for Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), in a Greek sample of cardiac patients.
Methods: From October 2003-September 2004 a sample of 2,172 consecutive ACS patients from 6 hospitals was enrolled. In 2013-14, the 10-year follow-up was performed in 1,918 participants. Adherence to medical treatment was recorded through self-reports and financial status was classified as low (<9,000€), moderate (9-18,000€), good (19-48,000€) and very good (>48,000€).
Results: The “low”-to-“very” good financial status 10-year all-cause mortality rate was 1.7:1 (p<0.001). Unadjusted analysis revealed no association between financial status and ACS incidence (p=0.22); however, multi-adjusted analysis, after taking into account various clinical and lifestyle factors, revealed that “good/very good” financial status was associated with 23% (95%CI 2%, 40%, p=0.04) lower 10-year risk of ACS as compared with “low/moderate”; a finding that became insignificant when adherence to medication was taken into account.
Conclusions: Low financial status seems to play a critical role in the long-term ACS prognosis. Health policies, to tackle non-compliance to medication, are needed to minimize the disease burden in clinical and community settings.
Keywords: Cardiovascular disease, financial status, socio-economic status, medical adherence, risk factors, public health.
Current Vascular Pharmacology
Title:Lower Financial Status and Adherence to Medication Determines 10-Year (2004-2014) All-Cause Mortality and Risk for Acute Coronary Syndrome Incidence Among Cardiac Patients: the GREECS Study
Volume: 13 Issue: 6
Author(s): Venetia Notara, Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos, Christos Pitsavos, Yannis Kogias, Petros Stravopodis, George Papanagnou, Spyros Zombolos, Yannis Mantas and Christodoulos Stefanadis
Affiliation:
Keywords: Cardiovascular disease, financial status, socio-economic status, medical adherence, risk factors, public health.
Abstract: Background: Financial status has been considered as an important health determinant and associated with compliance to healthier lifestyle habits, medical treatment and increased prevalence of mental disorders. The aim of this work was to evaluate the association between financial status, patient adherence to medication, 10-year allcause mortality and risk for Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS), in a Greek sample of cardiac patients.
Methods: From October 2003-September 2004 a sample of 2,172 consecutive ACS patients from 6 hospitals was enrolled. In 2013-14, the 10-year follow-up was performed in 1,918 participants. Adherence to medical treatment was recorded through self-reports and financial status was classified as low (<9,000€), moderate (9-18,000€), good (19-48,000€) and very good (>48,000€).
Results: The “low”-to-“very” good financial status 10-year all-cause mortality rate was 1.7:1 (p<0.001). Unadjusted analysis revealed no association between financial status and ACS incidence (p=0.22); however, multi-adjusted analysis, after taking into account various clinical and lifestyle factors, revealed that “good/very good” financial status was associated with 23% (95%CI 2%, 40%, p=0.04) lower 10-year risk of ACS as compared with “low/moderate”; a finding that became insignificant when adherence to medication was taken into account.
Conclusions: Low financial status seems to play a critical role in the long-term ACS prognosis. Health policies, to tackle non-compliance to medication, are needed to minimize the disease burden in clinical and community settings.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Notara Venetia, Panagiotakos B. Demosthenes, Pitsavos Christos, Kogias Yannis, Stravopodis Petros, Papanagnou George, Zombolos Spyros, Mantas Yannis and Stefanadis Christodoulos, Lower Financial Status and Adherence to Medication Determines 10-Year (2004-2014) All-Cause Mortality and Risk for Acute Coronary Syndrome Incidence Among Cardiac Patients: the GREECS Study, Current Vascular Pharmacology 2015; 13 (6) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570161113666150120093329
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570161113666150120093329 |
Print ISSN 1570-1611 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6212 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases: Mechanisms, Diagnosis and Therapy
Ischemic cardiovascular disease includes myocardial infarction, coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, angina pectoris, etc., constitute the leading cause of patient mortality by preventing tissues from getting sufficient oxygen and nutrients. Ischemic heart disease, as a clinical condition, is characterized by myocardial ischemia, causing an imbalance between myocardial blood supply and demand, ...read more
TREATMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN CHRONIC AND END STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE
Cardiovascular disease still remains the leading cause of death in Chronic and End Stage Kidney Disease, accounting for more than half of all deaths in dialysis patients. During the past decade, research has been focused on novel therapeutic agents that might delay or even reverse cardiovascular disease and vascular calcification, ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Human Cognitive and Neuro-Psychiatric Bio-Markers in the Cardiac Peri-Operative Patient
Current Molecular Medicine Signal Transduction Therapy of Diabetic Vascular Complication
Current Signal Transduction Therapy Air Pollution Exposure and Blood Pressure: An Updated Review of the Literature
Current Pharmaceutical Design Anti-Oxidative Stress and Beyond: Multiple Functions of the Protein Glutathionylation
Protein & Peptide Letters The Complement Cascade: New Avenues in Stroke Therapy
Current Vascular Pharmacology Artificial Intelligence Approaches for Rational Drug Design and Discovery
Current Pharmaceutical Design Investigating Drug-induced Mitochondrial Toxicity: A Biosensor to Increase Drug Safety?
Current Drug Safety Vitamin D: A Regulator of Metabolism and Inflammation
Current Nutrition & Food Science Novel Inflammatory Markers in Hyperlipidemia: Clinical Implications
Current Medicinal Chemistry Biomarkers in Systemic Sclerosis-Related Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Current Vascular Pharmacology Atypical Chest Pain in ACS: A Trap Especially for Women
Current Pharmaceutical Design von Willebrand Factor, von Willebrand Factor-Cleaving Protease, and Shear Stress
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Immune-Mediated Mechanisms in Atherosclerosis: Prevention and Treatment of Clinical Manifestations
Current Pharmaceutical Design Aliskiren in Patients with Diabetes: A Systematic Review
Current Vascular Pharmacology Evaluation of Nutritional Constituent and Fatty Acid Profiles of Different Tropical Fruit Residues
Current Nutrition & Food Science Erectile Dysfunction and Diabetes Mellitus: Mechanistic Considerations from Studies in Experimental Models
Current Diabetes Reviews Variations and Abnormalities of Major Thoracic Vascular Structures
Current Medical Imaging Editorial (Thematic Issue: Modifying Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Current Opinion and Future Trends)
Current Pharmaceutical Design Insulin- and Growth Factor-Resistance Impairs Vascular Regeneration in Diabetes Mellitus
Current Vascular Pharmacology Inhibition of Disulfide Reductases as a Therapeutic Strategy
Current Enzyme Inhibition