Abstract
This review provides an overview of the chemical constituents of regularly consumed plants that increase the activity or induce expression of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), a major family of detoxification/ cytoprotective enzymes of ubiquitous occurrence in the body. Since induction of phase II (cytoprotective) enzymes, essentially GSTs, is a principal strategy in deactivation of potential carcinogens, it is reasonable to conclude that phytochemicals that enhance the activity/expression of GST isoforms/isoenzymes may play a role in cancer prevention. In this respect, classes of natural products that exhibit this ability are presented. In addition, their possible contribution to chemoprevention is discussed. GSTs constitute a large family of detoxification enzymes in nature. GSTs has been long known to deactivate electrophilic xenobiotics or metabolites, reactive oxygen species as well as certain endogenous substrates. However, there is a growing appreciation that GSTs may have an even wider relevance to cancer, in that they can directly modulate the activity of a number of protein targets, including other enzymes in redox pathways and in signaling networks of cell division and cell cycle control. The following aspects will be treated herein: botanical sources, phytochemical classes, chemical structures of these natural products, bioactivity relevant to chemoprevention, and their influence on induction of GST in vitro and in animal models. A hint on the SAR of organosulfur compounds, isothiocyanates, and limonoids as GST inducers, is added. The few clinical and/or epidemiological studies that associate GST induction with prevention of carcinogenesis are also reviewed.
Keywords: Carcinogens, Chemoprevention, Expression, Glutathione s-transferases, Induction, Phytochemicals.
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Induction of GST and Related Events by Dietary Phytochemicals: Sources, Chemistry, and Possible Contribution to Chemoprevention
Volume: 14 Issue: 24
Author(s): Ahmed M. Galal, Larry A. Walker and Ikhlas A. Khan
Affiliation:
Keywords: Carcinogens, Chemoprevention, Expression, Glutathione s-transferases, Induction, Phytochemicals.
Abstract: This review provides an overview of the chemical constituents of regularly consumed plants that increase the activity or induce expression of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), a major family of detoxification/ cytoprotective enzymes of ubiquitous occurrence in the body. Since induction of phase II (cytoprotective) enzymes, essentially GSTs, is a principal strategy in deactivation of potential carcinogens, it is reasonable to conclude that phytochemicals that enhance the activity/expression of GST isoforms/isoenzymes may play a role in cancer prevention. In this respect, classes of natural products that exhibit this ability are presented. In addition, their possible contribution to chemoprevention is discussed. GSTs constitute a large family of detoxification enzymes in nature. GSTs has been long known to deactivate electrophilic xenobiotics or metabolites, reactive oxygen species as well as certain endogenous substrates. However, there is a growing appreciation that GSTs may have an even wider relevance to cancer, in that they can directly modulate the activity of a number of protein targets, including other enzymes in redox pathways and in signaling networks of cell division and cell cycle control. The following aspects will be treated herein: botanical sources, phytochemical classes, chemical structures of these natural products, bioactivity relevant to chemoprevention, and their influence on induction of GST in vitro and in animal models. A hint on the SAR of organosulfur compounds, isothiocyanates, and limonoids as GST inducers, is added. The few clinical and/or epidemiological studies that associate GST induction with prevention of carcinogenesis are also reviewed.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Galal M. Ahmed, Walker A. Larry and Khan A. Ikhlas, Induction of GST and Related Events by Dietary Phytochemicals: Sources, Chemistry, and Possible Contribution to Chemoprevention, Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 2014; 14 (24) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026615666141208110721
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026615666141208110721 |
Print ISSN 1568-0266 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4294 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Chemistry Based on Natural Products for Therapeutic Purposes
The development of new pharmaceuticals for a wide range of medical conditions has long relied on the identification of promising natural products (NPs). There are over sixty percent of cancer, infectious illness, and CNS disease medications that include an NP pharmacophore, according to the Food and Drug Administration. Since NP ...read more
Current Trends in Drug Discovery Based on Artificial Intelligence and Computer-Aided Drug Design
Drug development discovery has faced several challenges over the years. In fact, the evolution of classical approaches to modern methods using computational methods, or Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD), has shown promising and essential results in any drug discovery campaign. Among these methods, molecular docking is one of the most notable ...read more
Drug Discovery in the Age of Artificial Intelligence
In the age of artificial intelligence (AI), we have witnessed a significant boom in AI techniques for drug discovery. AI techniques are increasingly integrated and accelerating the drug discovery process. These developments have not only attracted the attention of academia and industry but also raised important questions regarding the selection ...read more
From Biodiversity to Chemical Diversity: Focus of Flavonoids
Flavonoids are the largest group of polyphenols, plant secondary metabolites arising from the essential aromatic amino acid phenylalanine (or more rarely from tyrosine) via the phenylpropanoid pathway. The flavan nucleus is the basic 15-carbon skeleton of flavonoids (C6-C3-C6), which consists of two phenyl rings (A and B) and a heterocyclic ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Organ Preference of Cancer Metastasis and Metastasis-Related Cell Adhesion Molecules Including Carbohydrates
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Prognostic Value of MiRNAs in Patients with Laryngeal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Current Cancer Drug Targets Hepatoma Derived Growth Factor is a Nuclear Targeted Mitogen
Current Drug Targets Psychosocial Stress, Emotions and Cytokine-Related Disorders
Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery Drug-Eluting Stents: Present and Future
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry RO3280: A Novel PLK1 Inhibitor, Suppressed the Proliferation of MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells Through the Induction of Cell Cycle Arrest at G2/M Point
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Editorial [Hot Topic: Emerging Drugs in Gastrointestinal Tract (Executive Guest Editor: Predrag Sikiric)]
Current Pharmaceutical Design Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumours: Pinpointing the Tumours Achilles Heel
Current Pharmaceutical Design Current and Emerging Systemic Therapy in Gastro-Esophageal Cancer “The Old and New Therapy for Metastatic Disease, The Role of Adjuvant and Neoadjuvant Therapy for Localized Disease”
Current Clinical Pharmacology The Impact of DIDS-Induced Inhibition of Voltage-Dependent Anion Channels (VDAC) on Cellular Response of Lymphoblastoid Cells to Ionizing Radiation
Medicinal Chemistry Influence of Polyphenol-plasma Protein Interaction on the Antioxidant Properties of Polyphenols
Current Drug Metabolism Mucoadhesive Polymeric Platform for Drug Delivery; A Comprehensive Review
Current Drug Delivery Current Status and Future of Antifungal Therapy for Systemic Mycoses
Recent Patents on Anti-Infective Drug Discovery Non-viral Delivery Systems for the Application in p53 Cancer Gene Therapy
Current Medicinal Chemistry DNA Methylation Based Biomarkers in Non-Invasive Cancer Screening
Current Molecular Medicine New Pharmacological Approaches to the Cholinergic System: An Overview on Muscarinic Receptor Ligands and Cholinesterase Inhibitors
Recent Patents on CNS Drug Discovery (Discontinued) Potential Uses of MicroRNA in Lung Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Therapy
Current Cancer Drug Targets Dysfunction of Mitochondrial ATP Production As a Target for Personalized Cancer Therapy
Current Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine Targeted Cancer Therapy: The Next Generation of Cancer Treatment
Current Drug Discovery Technologies COX-2, Cell Proliferation and PMA in Head-and-Neck Cancer Cells
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued)