Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction involving dysfunctional mitochondria precedes the development of cardiovascular diseases. This impairment results from an increase in reactive oxygen species, which leads to oxidative stress and a reduced bioavailability of nitric oxide. It has been demonstrated that oxidative stress and alterations in glucose and lipid homeostasis (e.g. hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia) are linked to mitochondrial impairment and that all of them contribute to endothelial dysfunction. Anti-hyperlipidemic drugs such as statins, anti-hypertensive drugs and angiotensin receptor antagonists have been shown to exert protection through anti-oxidative stress mechanisms. Other substances with antioxidant properties, such as vitamins, are also capable of abolishing the oxidative stress associated with cardiometabolic diseases. However, the results obtained with general antioxidants in clinical trials are contradictory, perhaps due to the unspecific nature of the targets selected. This study correlates endothelial dysfunction and mitochondrial dysfunction and examines current research for the selective targeting of specific molecules (such as ·NO donors and antioxidants) to mitochondria with the aim of protecting the endothelium against oxidative stress in cardiovascular diseases.
Keywords: Cardiovascular diseases, endothelial dysfunction, mitochondria, mitochondria-targeted antioxidants, oxidative stress.
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidants as a Therapeutic Strategy for Protecting Endothelium in Cardiovascular Diseases
Volume: 21 Issue: 25
Author(s): Nadezda Apostolova, Milagros Rocha, Susana Rovira-Llopis, Celia Banuls, Rosa Falcon, Raquel Castello, Antonio Hernandez-Mijares and Victor M. Victor
Affiliation:
Keywords: Cardiovascular diseases, endothelial dysfunction, mitochondria, mitochondria-targeted antioxidants, oxidative stress.
Abstract: Endothelial dysfunction involving dysfunctional mitochondria precedes the development of cardiovascular diseases. This impairment results from an increase in reactive oxygen species, which leads to oxidative stress and a reduced bioavailability of nitric oxide. It has been demonstrated that oxidative stress and alterations in glucose and lipid homeostasis (e.g. hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia) are linked to mitochondrial impairment and that all of them contribute to endothelial dysfunction. Anti-hyperlipidemic drugs such as statins, anti-hypertensive drugs and angiotensin receptor antagonists have been shown to exert protection through anti-oxidative stress mechanisms. Other substances with antioxidant properties, such as vitamins, are also capable of abolishing the oxidative stress associated with cardiometabolic diseases. However, the results obtained with general antioxidants in clinical trials are contradictory, perhaps due to the unspecific nature of the targets selected. This study correlates endothelial dysfunction and mitochondrial dysfunction and examines current research for the selective targeting of specific molecules (such as ·NO donors and antioxidants) to mitochondria with the aim of protecting the endothelium against oxidative stress in cardiovascular diseases.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Apostolova Nadezda, Rocha Milagros, Rovira-Llopis Susana, Banuls Celia, Falcon Rosa, Castello Raquel, Hernandez-Mijares Antonio and Victor M. Victor, Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidants as a Therapeutic Strategy for Protecting Endothelium in Cardiovascular Diseases, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2014; 21 (25) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867321666140601200416
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867321666140601200416 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Approaches to the treatment of chronic inflammation
Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of numerous diseases, significantly impacting global health. Although chronic inflammation is a hot topic, not much has been written about approaches to its treatment. This thematic issue aims to showcase the latest advancements in chronic inflammation treatment and foster discussion on future directions in this ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Neuropharmacological Aspects of Crocus sativus L.: A Review of Preclinical Studies and Ongoing Clinical Research
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets The Prothrombotic State in Hypertension and the Effects of Antihypertensive Treatment
Current Pharmaceutical Design Recent Development on Anti-Obesity Compounds and their Mechanisms of Action: A Review
Current Medicinal Chemistry Sex, Stress and their Influence on Respiratory Regulation
Current Pharmaceutical Design Glycoconjugates of Quinolines: Application in Medicinal Chemistry
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Molecular Mechanisms of Skeletal Muscle Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes
Current Diabetes Reviews Having a Promising Efficacy on Type II Diabetes, It’s Definitely a Green Tea Time
Current Medicinal Chemistry Co-Crystals for Generic Pharmaceuticals: An Outlook on Solid Oral Dosage Formulations
Recent Advances in Drug Delivery and Formulation Central Blood Pressure and Prediction of Cardiovascular Events
Current Hypertension Reviews Study of Parasitic Infections, Cancer, and other Diseases with Mass-Spectrometry and Quantitative Proteome-Disease Relationships
Current Proteomics Heart Failure and Diabetes: Perspective of a Dangerous Association
Current Hypertension Reviews Aging and Oral Health: Effects in Hard and Soft Tissues
Current Pharmaceutical Design Aquaporin-1 and Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers as Pharmacological Targets in Diabetic Atherosclerosis
Current Drug Targets Impact of Chronic Kidney Disease on Risk for Vascular Events
Current Vascular Pharmacology Meet Our Editorial Board Member
Current Drug Delivery Apoptosis in COPD
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Coffee and Caffeine Effects on Hypertension
Current Hypertension Reviews Molecular Mechanisms of Inherited Arrhythmias
Current Genomics A Therapeutic Target of Cerebral Hemorrhagic Stroke: Matrix Metalloproteinase- 9
Current Drug Targets Role of Dietary Xenobiotics-Gene Interactions in Carcinogenesis: Protective Effects of Nutritional Factors
Current Nutrition & Food Science