Abstract
COPD is the third leading cause of death worldwide and a major cause of morbidity. Infection complicates COPD, both when patients are stable and during exacerbations. Exacerbations drive disease progression, lung function decline and premature death, therefore understanding and targeting airway infection are considered crucial. The interactions of bacteria, viruses and airway inflammation have all been shown to be a factor in stable COPD and in exacerbations. New molecular microbiology techniques are changing our view of COPD, identifying new bacterial species and a diverse microbiome which can be disturbed in chronic lung disease.
Bronchiectasis is increasingly recognized in COPD, and may be a distinct sub-type or “phenotype” of disease associated with greater bacterial colonization and inflammation. Increasingly, severe infections, and particularly pneumonia are recognized as common in COPD, and the role of inhaled corticosteroids in provoking bacterial colonization and development of pneumonia requires careful consideration. Long term antibiotic therapies are being explored as a means to prevent exacerbations and disease progression in COPD. This paper brings together the current knowledge related to the role of infection in COPD.
Keywords: Antibiotics, bacteria, COPD, exacerbations, infection.
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews
Title:The Role of Bacteria and Viruses in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Volume: 9 Issue: 6
Author(s): Kavita Valand and James D. Chalmers
Affiliation:
Keywords: Antibiotics, bacteria, COPD, exacerbations, infection.
Abstract: COPD is the third leading cause of death worldwide and a major cause of morbidity. Infection complicates COPD, both when patients are stable and during exacerbations. Exacerbations drive disease progression, lung function decline and premature death, therefore understanding and targeting airway infection are considered crucial. The interactions of bacteria, viruses and airway inflammation have all been shown to be a factor in stable COPD and in exacerbations. New molecular microbiology techniques are changing our view of COPD, identifying new bacterial species and a diverse microbiome which can be disturbed in chronic lung disease.
Bronchiectasis is increasingly recognized in COPD, and may be a distinct sub-type or “phenotype” of disease associated with greater bacterial colonization and inflammation. Increasingly, severe infections, and particularly pneumonia are recognized as common in COPD, and the role of inhaled corticosteroids in provoking bacterial colonization and development of pneumonia requires careful consideration. Long term antibiotic therapies are being explored as a means to prevent exacerbations and disease progression in COPD. This paper brings together the current knowledge related to the role of infection in COPD.
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Cite this article as:
Valand Kavita and D. Chalmers James, The Role of Bacteria and Viruses in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews 2013; 9 (6) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573398X10666140415200829
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573398X10666140415200829 |
Print ISSN 1573-398X |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6387 |
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