Abstract
Chronic infection can cause slow progressive dementia, cortical atrophy and amyloid deposition in the atrophic form of general paresis. Due to the fact that specific bacterial ligands can increase the expression of proinflammatory molecules that can activate innate and adaptive immune systems, inflammation may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Furthermore, there is a significant association between AD and various types of spirochete. Periodontitis is a prevalent and persistent peripheral infection that is associated with gram-negative anaerobic bacteria and is capable of showing localized and systemic infections in the host. Periodontal disease related pathogens and their inflammatory products contribute to systemic inflammation and the pathogenesis of AD. In this minireview, we propose a hypothetical link between periodontitis, type 2 diabetes and AD. We also present the possible mechanistic links between periodontitis-related inflammation, type 2 diabetes and AD. Since this condition is treatable, periodontitis may be a readily-modifiable risk factor for AD.
Keywords: Periodontal disease, Alzheimer’s disease, inflammation, dementia.
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets
Title:How Do Periodontal Infections Affect the Onset and Progression of Alzheimer’s Disease?
Volume: 13 Issue: 3
Author(s): Munvar M. Shaik, Sultan Ahmad, Siew H. Gan, Adel M. Abuzenadah, Ejaz Ahmad, Shams Tabrez, Farid Ahmed and Mohammad A. Kamal
Affiliation:
Keywords: Periodontal disease, Alzheimer’s disease, inflammation, dementia.
Abstract: Chronic infection can cause slow progressive dementia, cortical atrophy and amyloid deposition in the atrophic form of general paresis. Due to the fact that specific bacterial ligands can increase the expression of proinflammatory molecules that can activate innate and adaptive immune systems, inflammation may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Furthermore, there is a significant association between AD and various types of spirochete. Periodontitis is a prevalent and persistent peripheral infection that is associated with gram-negative anaerobic bacteria and is capable of showing localized and systemic infections in the host. Periodontal disease related pathogens and their inflammatory products contribute to systemic inflammation and the pathogenesis of AD. In this minireview, we propose a hypothetical link between periodontitis, type 2 diabetes and AD. We also present the possible mechanistic links between periodontitis-related inflammation, type 2 diabetes and AD. Since this condition is treatable, periodontitis may be a readily-modifiable risk factor for AD.
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Cite this article as:
Shaik M. Munvar, Ahmad Sultan, Gan H. Siew, Abuzenadah M. Adel, Ahmad Ejaz, Tabrez Shams, Ahmed Farid and Kamal A. Mohammad, How Do Periodontal Infections Affect the Onset and Progression of Alzheimer’s Disease?, CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets 2014; 13 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/18715273113126660152
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/18715273113126660152 |
Print ISSN 1871-5273 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1996-3181 |
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Infectious diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) can be divided into bacterial, tuberculous, viral, fungal, parasitic infections, etc. Early etiological treatment is often the most crucial means to reduce the mortality rate of patients with central nervous system infections, reduce complications and sequelae, and improve prognosis. The initial clinical ...read more
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Trends and perspectives in the rational management of CNS disorders
Central nervous system (CNS) diseases enforce a significant global health burden, driving ongoing efforts to improve our understanding and effectiveness of therapy. This issue investigates current advances in the discipline, focusing on the understanding as well as therapeutic handling of various CNS diseases. The issue covers a variety of diseases, ...read more
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