Abstract
Inflammatory neuropathies are treatable immune-mediated disorders of the peripheral nerves, the prevalence of which is higher than previously believed. Although there are now established treatments of proven benefit for acute and chronic inflammatory neuropathies consisting of intravenous immunoglobulins, corticosteroids and plasma exchanges, there are patients who fail to respond to these therapies. Immunosuppressants have been used in these refractory patients and also to lower the requirements of therapies of established efficacy due to their cost (e.g. immunoglobulins) or sideeffects (e.g., corticosteroids). These drugs include “conventional” immunosuppressants like azathioprine, cyclophosphamide etc. and also newer drugs like Rituximab. Other immunomodulatory drugs like interferon beta have also been trialled in some patients. Currently the role of newer drugs like Fingolimod in inflammatory neuropathies is being studied. In this article, the issue of treating inflammatory neuropathies with immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive agents in the context of their potential adverse effects, is reviewed and discussed. The published evidence on these drugs is reviewed, rationale behind the use of such drugs is analyzed and benefit to risk ratio highlighted.
Keywords: Immunomodulation, immunosuppression, inflammatory neuropathy.
Current Drug Safety
Title:Immunomodulation in Inflammatory Neuropathies: Rationale and Safety
Volume: 8 Issue: 4
Author(s): Saiju Jacob and Yusuf A. Rajabally
Affiliation:
Keywords: Immunomodulation, immunosuppression, inflammatory neuropathy.
Abstract: Inflammatory neuropathies are treatable immune-mediated disorders of the peripheral nerves, the prevalence of which is higher than previously believed. Although there are now established treatments of proven benefit for acute and chronic inflammatory neuropathies consisting of intravenous immunoglobulins, corticosteroids and plasma exchanges, there are patients who fail to respond to these therapies. Immunosuppressants have been used in these refractory patients and also to lower the requirements of therapies of established efficacy due to their cost (e.g. immunoglobulins) or sideeffects (e.g., corticosteroids). These drugs include “conventional” immunosuppressants like azathioprine, cyclophosphamide etc. and also newer drugs like Rituximab. Other immunomodulatory drugs like interferon beta have also been trialled in some patients. Currently the role of newer drugs like Fingolimod in inflammatory neuropathies is being studied. In this article, the issue of treating inflammatory neuropathies with immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive agents in the context of their potential adverse effects, is reviewed and discussed. The published evidence on these drugs is reviewed, rationale behind the use of such drugs is analyzed and benefit to risk ratio highlighted.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Jacob Saiju and Rajabally A. Yusuf, Immunomodulation in Inflammatory Neuropathies: Rationale and Safety, Current Drug Safety 2013; 8 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/15748863113089990040
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/15748863113089990040 |
Print ISSN 1574-8863 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 2212-3911 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
T Cell Receptor Bias in Humans
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Molecular and Cellular Activities of Vitamin E Analogues
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Activatable Optical Probes for the Detection of Enzymes
Current Organic Synthesis Post-stroke Engagement-sensitive Balance Rehabilitation Under An Adaptive Multi-level Electrotherapy: Clinical Hypothesis and Computational Framework
Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering (Discontinued) Patent Selections
Recent Patents on Biotechnology The Early Bird Catches the Worm – Can Evolution Teach us Lessons in Fighting HIV?
Current HIV Research Conference Proceedings: Second International Conference on Novel Psychoactive Substances (NPS) Swansea, UK; September 12-13th, 2013
Current Drug Abuse Reviews Cutaneous Markers of HIV Infection and Progression
Current HIV Research Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity Triggers Gut Dysbiosis, Neuroinflammation, Gut-Brain Axis Dysfunction, and Vulnerability for Dementia
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Inflammaging and Proteases in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Current Vascular Pharmacology Aptamers and New Bioreceptors for the Electrochemical Detection of Biomarkers Expressed in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Current Medicinal Chemistry Implications of Epigenetic Mechanisms and their Targets in Cerebral Ischemia Models
Current Neuropharmacology Dosing Guidelines of Aminoglycosides in Neonates: A Balance Between Physiology and Feasibility
Current Pharmaceutical Design Thymidine Phosphorylase and Fluoropyrimidines Efficacy: A Jekyl and Hyde Story
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Cancer Agents Pharmacologically Targeting the Primary Defect and Downstream Pathology in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Current Gene Therapy Pathophysiology of Neurodegeneration in Familial Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Current Molecular Medicine Nuclear Imaging of Inflammation in Neurologic and Psychiatric Disorders
Current Clinical Pharmacology Energy Expenditure of Hunter-Gatherers: When Statistics Turns to be Unreliable
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Inflammatory Process in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson's Diseases: Central Role of Cytokines
Current Pharmaceutical Design Alzheimer’s Disease and Autistic Spectrum Disorder: Is there any Association?
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets