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Current Neurovascular Research

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1567-2026
ISSN (Online): 1875-5739

The Role of Oxidative Stress in Cerebral Aneurysm Formation and Rupture

Author(s): Robert M. Starke, Nohra Chalouhi, Muhammad S. Ali, Pascal M. Jabbour, Stavropoula I. Tjoumakaris, L. Fernando Gonzalez, Robert H. Rosenwasser, Walter J. Koch and Aaron S. Dumont

Volume 10, Issue 3, 2013

Page: [247 - 255] Pages: 9

DOI: 10.2174/15672026113109990003

Price: $65

Abstract

Oxidative stress is known to contribute to the progression of cerebrovascular disease. Additionally, oxidative stress may be increased by, but also augment inflammation, a key contributor to cerebral aneurysm development and rupture. Oxidative stress can induce important processes leading to cerebral aneurysm formation including direct endothelial injury as well as smooth muscle cell phenotypic switching to an inflammatory phenotype and ultimately apoptosis. Oxidative stress leads to recruitment and invasion of inflammatory cells through upregulation of chemotactic cytokines and adhesion molecules. Matrix metalloproteinases can be activated by free radicals leading to vessel wall remodeling and breakdown. Free radicals mediate lipid peroxidation leading to atherosclerosis and contribute to hemodynamic stress and hypertensive pathology, all integral elements of cerebral aneurysm development. Preliminary studies suggest that therapies targeted at oxidative stress may provide a future beneficial treatment for cerebral aneurysms, but further studies are indicated to define the role of free radicals in cerebral aneurysm formation and rupture. The goal of this review is to assess the role of oxidative stress in cerebral aneurysm pathogenesis.

Keywords: Aneurysm, inflammation, oxidative stress, NADPH oxidase, reactive oxygen species, subarachnoid hemorrhage.


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