Abstract
The mucoadhesive microparticles (CHCNZ) composed of chitosan (CH) and cinnarizine (CNZ) hydrochloride were successfully prepared, in a process of solution-enhanced dispersion, by supercritical CO2 (SEDS) technique. Scanning electron microscopy was used to reveal the morphological characteristics of mucoadhesive microparticles. The average particle size of microparticles was in the range from 1.9 to 12.8 µm. In vitro and in vivo mucoadhesive tests showed that CHCNZ mucoadhesive microparticles adhered more strongly to gastric mucous layer. Thereby retaining in gastrointestinal tract for an extended period of time and exhibiting good mucoadhesive properties. The X-ray powder diffractometry and differential scanning calorimetry analysis demonstrated that the SEDS process was an efficient physical coating process to produce CHCNZ composite microparticles. It also suggests that CNZ did not undergo chemical changes during the production of microparticles. The optimized batch exhibited a high drug entrapment efficiency of 67 % with particle size of 3.9 µm. A sustained pattern of drug release was obtained for more than 20 h. In vivo studies were carried out by administering orally cinnarizine HCl (CNZ) suspension and mucoadhesive microparticles to rabbits under fasted (for 12 h) conditions. The results showed that CNZ mucoadhesive microparticles had a better bioavailability than CNZ suspension due to longer retention in the gastric environment of the test animals.
Keywords: Cinnarizine HCl, microparticles, supercritical CO2, mucoadhesion, chitosan.
Current Drug Delivery
Title:Formulation and Characterization of Mucoadhesive Microparticles of Cinnarizine Hydrochloride Using Supercritical Fluid Technique
Volume: 10 Issue: 3
Author(s): Jayvadan K. Patel, Priyanka S. Patil and Vijaykumar B. Sutariya
Affiliation:
Keywords: Cinnarizine HCl, microparticles, supercritical CO2, mucoadhesion, chitosan.
Abstract: The mucoadhesive microparticles (CHCNZ) composed of chitosan (CH) and cinnarizine (CNZ) hydrochloride were successfully prepared, in a process of solution-enhanced dispersion, by supercritical CO2 (SEDS) technique. Scanning electron microscopy was used to reveal the morphological characteristics of mucoadhesive microparticles. The average particle size of microparticles was in the range from 1.9 to 12.8 µm. In vitro and in vivo mucoadhesive tests showed that CHCNZ mucoadhesive microparticles adhered more strongly to gastric mucous layer. Thereby retaining in gastrointestinal tract for an extended period of time and exhibiting good mucoadhesive properties. The X-ray powder diffractometry and differential scanning calorimetry analysis demonstrated that the SEDS process was an efficient physical coating process to produce CHCNZ composite microparticles. It also suggests that CNZ did not undergo chemical changes during the production of microparticles. The optimized batch exhibited a high drug entrapment efficiency of 67 % with particle size of 3.9 µm. A sustained pattern of drug release was obtained for more than 20 h. In vivo studies were carried out by administering orally cinnarizine HCl (CNZ) suspension and mucoadhesive microparticles to rabbits under fasted (for 12 h) conditions. The results showed that CNZ mucoadhesive microparticles had a better bioavailability than CNZ suspension due to longer retention in the gastric environment of the test animals.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Patel Jayvadan K., Patil Priyanka S. and Sutariya Vijaykumar B., Formulation and Characterization of Mucoadhesive Microparticles of Cinnarizine Hydrochloride Using Supercritical Fluid Technique, Current Drug Delivery 2013; 10 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567201811310030008
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567201811310030008 |
Print ISSN 1567-2018 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5704 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances of natural products, bio-actives and novel drug delivery system against emerging viral infections
Due to the increasing prevalence of viral infections and the ability of these human pathogens to develop resistance to current treatment strategies, there is a great need to find and develop new compounds to combat them. These molecules must have low toxicity, specific activity and high bioavailability. The most suitable ...read more
Electrospun Fibers as Drug Delivery Systems
In recent years, electrospun fibers have attracted considerable attention as potential platforms for drug delivery due to their distinctive properties and adaptability. These fibers feature a notable surface area-to-volume ratio and can be intentionally designed with high porosity, facilitating an increased capacity for drug loading and rendering them suitable for ...read more
Emerging Nanotherapeutics for Mitigation of Neurodegenerative Disorders
Conditions affecting the central nervous system (CNS) present a significant hurdle due to limited access of both treatments and diagnostic tools for the brain. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) acts as a barrier, restricting the passage of molecules from the bloodstream into the brain. The most formidable challenge facing scientists is ...read more
Nanotechnology Based Chemotherapy for the treatment of Head & Neck Cancer
The escalating recurrence rates observed in Head and Neck cancer, particularly within the chemo-therapeutically treated cohort (50-60%), can be attributed to the non-selective nature of current anticancer drug delivery modalities. In this context, nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems emerge as a promising avenue for achieving precise localization of therapeutic agents to ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
ExomeHMM: A Hidden Markov Model for Detecting Copy Number Variation Using Whole-Exome Sequencing Data
Current Bioinformatics Cannabinoid Receptor Activation and the Endocannabinoid System in the Gastrointestinal Tract
Current Neuropharmacology Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein and Multiple Sclerosis
Medicinal Chemistry Advances of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Bone Marrow and Dental Tissue in Craniofacial Tissue Engineering
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Second Messenger Modulation: A Novel Target of Future Antidepressants?
Current Medicinal Chemistry Resting State Abnormalities in Psychosis Compared to Acute Cannabinoids and Opioids Challenges: A Systematic Review of Functional Imaging Studies
Current Pharmaceutical Design Oxidative Stress Biology and Cell Injury During Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Current Neurovascular Research Non-Ceruloplasmin Copper Distinguishes A Distinct Subtype of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Study of EEG-Derived Brain Activity
Current Alzheimer Research The CCL2/CCR2 Axis in the Pathogenesis of HIV-1 Infection: A New Cellular Target for Therapy?
Current Drug Targets Stem Cells Derived from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth (SHED) in Neuronal Disorders: A Review
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Synthesis and Antioxidant Properties of Novel Memantine Derivatives
Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Ag+ Complexes as Potential Therapeutic Agents in Medicine and Pharmacy
Current Medicinal Chemistry Bioinformatics-Based Characterization of Proteins Related to SARS-CoV- 2 Using the Polarity Index Method<sup>®</sup> (PIM<sup>®</sup>) and Intrinsic Disorder Predisposition
Current Proteomics Molecular Targeting Agents in Renal Cell Carcinoma: Present Strategies and Future Perspectives
Current Pharmaceutical Design Natural and Synthetic Agents Targeting Inflammation and Angiogenesis for Chemoprevention of Prostate Cancer
Current Cancer Drug Targets Acute Tonsillitis
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets Structural and Functional Characterization of the Proteins Responsible for N<sup>6</sup>-Methyladenosine Modification and Recognition
Current Protein & Peptide Science Evaluation of microRNA Stability in Plasma and Serum from Healthy Dogs
MicroRNA Endomorphin Derivatives with Improved Pharmacological Properties
Current Medicinal Chemistry TIMP-2 Polymorphisms Define Subtypes of Hypertensive Intracerebral Hemorrhage with Distinct Perihematomal Edema Development Patterns
Current Neurovascular Research