Abstract
The most remarkable difference between a chemical reaction and a lipase reaction is the fact that lipase possesses several substrate specificities, in particular, fatty acid specificity on hydrolysis, esterification, or transesterification reaction of the ester bond. Several lipases act weakly on polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid. Through fatty acid specificity of lipases, a DHA-rich oil (acylglycerols) has been industrially produced from tuna oil. Lipase specificity also facilitates purification of PUFAs, conjugated linoleic acid isomers, tocopherols, and sterol esters and production of triacylglycerol that is DHA– rich at the sn– 1(3) position. Microorganism-mediated processes using Aeromonas hydrophila N– 6 are effective for production of rare unsaturated fatty acids and rare unsaturated fatty alcohols from several vegetable oils. These lipids are rarely observed in natural oils. We also demonstrate that Acinetobacter sp. N– 476– 2 effectively converts functional arachidonic acid to functional arachidonyl alcohol, which can be used as a substrate for medicine.
Keywords: Arachidonic acid, conjugated linoleic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, functional lipid, lipase, microbial conversion, plant sterol, polyunsaturated fatty acid.
Current Organic Chemistry
Title:Production and Purification of Functional Lipids Through Enzymatic and Microorganism-Mediated Processes
Volume: 17 Issue: 8
Author(s): Toshihiro Nagao, Yomi Watanabe, Hirofumi Nakano and Yuji Shimada
Affiliation:
Keywords: Arachidonic acid, conjugated linoleic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, functional lipid, lipase, microbial conversion, plant sterol, polyunsaturated fatty acid.
Abstract: The most remarkable difference between a chemical reaction and a lipase reaction is the fact that lipase possesses several substrate specificities, in particular, fatty acid specificity on hydrolysis, esterification, or transesterification reaction of the ester bond. Several lipases act weakly on polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid. Through fatty acid specificity of lipases, a DHA-rich oil (acylglycerols) has been industrially produced from tuna oil. Lipase specificity also facilitates purification of PUFAs, conjugated linoleic acid isomers, tocopherols, and sterol esters and production of triacylglycerol that is DHA– rich at the sn– 1(3) position. Microorganism-mediated processes using Aeromonas hydrophila N– 6 are effective for production of rare unsaturated fatty acids and rare unsaturated fatty alcohols from several vegetable oils. These lipids are rarely observed in natural oils. We also demonstrate that Acinetobacter sp. N– 476– 2 effectively converts functional arachidonic acid to functional arachidonyl alcohol, which can be used as a substrate for medicine.
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Cite this article as:
Nagao Toshihiro, Watanabe Yomi, Nakano Hirofumi and Shimada Yuji, Production and Purification of Functional Lipids Through Enzymatic and Microorganism-Mediated Processes, Current Organic Chemistry 2013; 17 (8) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1385272811317080003
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1385272811317080003 |
Print ISSN 1385-2728 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5348 |
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