Abstract
Opioids are the gold standard for pain treatment but systemic opioid use is accompanied by central and intestinal side effects. As opioid receptors are expressed on peripheral sensory nerve endings, cutaneous and immune cells, local opioid application is being used for pain reduction in patients with inflammatory lesions such as burns, skin grafts, arthritis, acute or chronic wounds. In addition, peripherally active opioids have anti-inflammatory effects and can modulate wound healing. This review will cover anatomical, physiological and pathophysiological characteristics of opioid receptors and their ligands in peripheral tissues. We will then focus on mechanisms and the functional role of peripheral opioids in inflammation and wounds in experimental and clinical studies. Controversial results, methodological issues, implications for pharmacology, and therapeutic prospects for inflammatory diseases and wound healing will be discussed.
Keywords: Opioids, inflammation, wounds, healing, pain, analgesia, sensory neurons, leukocytes, skin, arthritis.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Non-Analgesic Effects of Opioids: Peripheral Opioid Effects on Inflammation and Wound Healing
Volume: 18 Issue: 37
Author(s): Christoph Stein and Sarah Kuchler
Affiliation:
Keywords: Opioids, inflammation, wounds, healing, pain, analgesia, sensory neurons, leukocytes, skin, arthritis.
Abstract: Opioids are the gold standard for pain treatment but systemic opioid use is accompanied by central and intestinal side effects. As opioid receptors are expressed on peripheral sensory nerve endings, cutaneous and immune cells, local opioid application is being used for pain reduction in patients with inflammatory lesions such as burns, skin grafts, arthritis, acute or chronic wounds. In addition, peripherally active opioids have anti-inflammatory effects and can modulate wound healing. This review will cover anatomical, physiological and pathophysiological characteristics of opioid receptors and their ligands in peripheral tissues. We will then focus on mechanisms and the functional role of peripheral opioids in inflammation and wounds in experimental and clinical studies. Controversial results, methodological issues, implications for pharmacology, and therapeutic prospects for inflammatory diseases and wound healing will be discussed.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Stein Christoph and Kuchler Sarah, Non-Analgesic Effects of Opioids: Peripheral Opioid Effects on Inflammation and Wound Healing, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2012; 18 (37) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212803582513
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212803582513 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
The Non-Structural Proteins of RSV: Targeting Interferon Antagonists for Vaccine Development
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets Antiphospholipid Syndrome: Characteristics and Obstetrical Management
Current Drug Targets Etoposide, Topoisomerase II and Cancer
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Cancer Agents MicroRNA Targeting as a Therapeutic Strategy Against Glioma
Current Molecular Medicine The SAMP8 Mouse: A Model to Develop Therapeutic Interventions for Alzheimers Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Design Therapeutic Potential of Plant Extracts and Phytochemicals Against Brain Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: A Review
The Natural Products Journal Novel Targets for Antiinflammatory and Antiarthritic Agents
Current Pharmaceutical Design Anthracycline Cardiotoxicity: Prevalence, Pathogenesis and Treatment
Current Cardiology Reviews Kinases as Upstream Regulators of the HIF System: Their Emerging Potential as Anti-Cancer Drug Targets
Current Pharmaceutical Design The HIV Life Cycle: Multiple Targets for Antiretroviral Agents
Drug Design Reviews - Online (Discontinued) Editorial on the Occasion of the 20th Anniversary of Endocrine Metabolic Immune Disorders-Drug Targets Journal with a Kaleidoscopic Vision of Selected Publications
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Proteomic Analysis of Plasma to Reveal the Impact of Short-Term Etanercept Therapy in Pediatric Patients with Enthesitis-Related Arthritis: A Case Report
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening Cytochrome P450 in the Brain ; A Review
Current Drug Metabolism Editorial (Thematic Issue: New Mechanisms and Targets for IBD Therapy: Translational Gastroenterology Comes of Age)
Current Drug Targets The Role of Melatonin in the Immuno-Neuro-Psychology of Mental Disorders
Recent Patents on CNS Drug Discovery (Discontinued) Role of Formyl Peptide Receptors (FPR) in Abnormal Inflammation Responses Involved in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Fatty Liver and Ischemia/Reperfusion: Are there Drugs Able to Mitigate Injury?
Current Medicinal Chemistry MicroRNAs as Early Biomarkers in Obesity and Related Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Therapeutic Potential of Fungal Ribotoxins
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Developments in Imaging Technologies Related to Hypertensive Cardiovascular Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design