Abstract
The oral mucosa offers an interesting site for the application of dosage forms that release drugs within/throughout the oral mucosa, by assuring a high drug bioavailability for topic and systemic effects. However, the relative permeability of the oral mucosa and the washing effect related to the oral fluids and mechanical stresses must be considered in the formulation of oral dosage forms. Since a sustained drug release can be guaranteed only if dosage forms remain in contact with the oral site of absorption/application for a prolonged time, the development of mucoadhesive dosage forms is mandatory. The mucoadhesion is a complex phenomenon and the mucoadhesive bond consists of two different parts, the mucoadhesive polymers and the mucous substrate. In addition to factors related to the oral mucosa and oral environment features, the physical-chemical characteristics of mucoadhesive polymers must be also considered as factors influencing the mucoadhesive bonds. While it is not possible to modify the mucosal features or it is possible to modify or inhibit only in part certain mucosal processes, the knowledge of polymer properties influencing mucoadhesive bonds allows to modify or to control these properties in developing increasingly effective mucoadhesive systems. The aims of this review are to discuss the several mechanisms and factors behind the phenomenon of mucoadhesion with particular reference to the features of the oral environment, oral mucosa, and polymeric compounds influencing mucoadhesion process. Finally, a brief mention to the main mucoadhesive dosage forms designed for oral transmucosal drug delivery is made.
Keywords: Mucoadhesion, oral transmucosal drug delivery, dosage form, drug controlled-release, mucoadhesive polymers, oral mucosa, mucosal permeability, drug bioavailability, oral fluids, mechanical stresses.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Mucoadhesive Polymers for Oral Transmucosal Drug Delivery: A Review
Volume: 18 Issue: 34
Author(s): Jose’ Bagan, Carlo Paderni, Nicoletta Termine, Giuseppina Campisi, Lucio Lo Russo, Domenico Compilato and Olga Di Fede
Affiliation:
Keywords: Mucoadhesion, oral transmucosal drug delivery, dosage form, drug controlled-release, mucoadhesive polymers, oral mucosa, mucosal permeability, drug bioavailability, oral fluids, mechanical stresses.
Abstract: The oral mucosa offers an interesting site for the application of dosage forms that release drugs within/throughout the oral mucosa, by assuring a high drug bioavailability for topic and systemic effects. However, the relative permeability of the oral mucosa and the washing effect related to the oral fluids and mechanical stresses must be considered in the formulation of oral dosage forms. Since a sustained drug release can be guaranteed only if dosage forms remain in contact with the oral site of absorption/application for a prolonged time, the development of mucoadhesive dosage forms is mandatory. The mucoadhesion is a complex phenomenon and the mucoadhesive bond consists of two different parts, the mucoadhesive polymers and the mucous substrate. In addition to factors related to the oral mucosa and oral environment features, the physical-chemical characteristics of mucoadhesive polymers must be also considered as factors influencing the mucoadhesive bonds. While it is not possible to modify the mucosal features or it is possible to modify or inhibit only in part certain mucosal processes, the knowledge of polymer properties influencing mucoadhesive bonds allows to modify or to control these properties in developing increasingly effective mucoadhesive systems. The aims of this review are to discuss the several mechanisms and factors behind the phenomenon of mucoadhesion with particular reference to the features of the oral environment, oral mucosa, and polymeric compounds influencing mucoadhesion process. Finally, a brief mention to the main mucoadhesive dosage forms designed for oral transmucosal drug delivery is made.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Bagan Jose’, Paderni Carlo, Termine Nicoletta, Campisi Giuseppina, Lo Russo Lucio, Compilato Domenico and Di Fede Olga, Mucoadhesive Polymers for Oral Transmucosal Drug Delivery: A Review, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2012; 18 (34) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212803307545
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212803307545 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Gamma-Secretase as a Pharmacological Target in Alzheimer Disease Research: When, Why and How?
Current Pharmaceutical Design Role of Nanoparticles in Drug Delivery and Regenerative Therapy for Bone Diseases
Current Drug Delivery Beta-Blockers and Nitrates: Pharmacotherapy and Indications
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Anemia and Chronic Kidney Disease: Making Sense of the Recent Trials
Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials Endogenous and Exogenous Ligands of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor: Current State of Art
Current Drug Metabolism Current Management of Intermittent Claudication: The Role of Pharmacological and Nonpharmacological Symptom-Directed Therapies
Current Vascular Pharmacology The Resurgence of Aldosterone in Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease
Current Hypertension Reviews Emerging Anticoagulants
Current Medicinal Chemistry Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety of Fixed Dose Combination of Ceftazidime-Tobramycin in Comparison with Ceftazidime in Lower Respiratory Tract Infections
Current Clinical Pharmacology Thrombophilia and Female Sex Hormones
Current Women`s Health Reviews Endothelial (Dys)Function in Lone Atrial Fibrillation
Current Pharmaceutical Design Vasoconstrictor Therapy for Hepatorenal Syndrome in Liver Cirrhosis
Current Pharmaceutical Design Endothelium-Independent Vasorelaxant Effect of Synthesized 2 Hydroxymethylchromone on Rat Mesenteric Arterial Bed
Current Bioactive Compounds Arterial Dilatation-Related Diseases: The Prerequisite Condition of Arterial Elastic Tissue Damage and Endovascular Treatment
Recent Patents on Medical Imaging Nanotechnology and Radiopharmaceuticals: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches
Current Drug Delivery Acute Decompensated Heart Failure Update
Current Cardiology Reviews Flow Volumes of Internal Jugular Veins are Significantly Reduced in Patients with Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis
Current Neurovascular Research Trophoblast Invasion: A Possible Link Between Implantation Deficiencies and Preeclampsia
Current Women`s Health Reviews COVID-19 Severity: Lung-Heart Interplay
Current Cardiology Reviews Gadolinium-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Renal Failure and Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis /Nephrogenic Fibrosing Dermopathy
Current Medicinal Chemistry