Abstract
Δ 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ 9-THC) is the main compound of the Cannabis Sativa responsible for most of the effects of the plant. Another major constituent is cannabidiol (CBD), formerly regarded to be devoid of pharmacological activity. However, laboratory rodents and human studies have shown that this cannabinoid is able to prevent psychotic-like symptoms induced by high doses of Δ 9- THC. Subsequent studies have demonstrated that CBD has antipsychotic effects as observed using animal models and in healthy volunteers. Thus, this article provides a critical review of the research evaluating antipsychotic potential of this cannabinoid. CBD appears to have pharmacological profile similar to that of atypical antipsychotic drugs as seem using behavioral and neurochemical techniques in animal models. Additionally, CBD prevented human experimental psychosis and was effective in open case reports and clinical trials in patients with schizophrenia with a remarkable safety profile. Moreover, fMRI results strongly suggest that the antipsychotic effects of CBD in relation to the psychotomimetic effects of Δ 9-THC involve the striatum and temporal cortex that have been traditionally associated with psychosis. Although the mechanisms of the antipsychotic properties are still not fully understood, we propose a hypothesis that could have a heuristic value to inspire new studies. These results support the idea that CBD may be a future therapeutic option in psychosis, in general and in schizophrenia, in particular.
Keywords: Cannabidiol, CBD, cannabis, antipsychotic, psychosis
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:A Critical Review of the Antipsychotic Effects of Cannabidiol: 30 Years of a Translational Investigation
Volume: 18 Issue: 32
Author(s): Antonio Waldo Zuardi, Jose Alexandre S. Crippa, Jaime E.C. Hallak, Sagnik Bhattacharyya, Zerrin Atakan, Rocio Martin-Santos, Philip K. McGuire and Francisco Silveira Guimaraes
Affiliation:
Keywords: Cannabidiol, CBD, cannabis, antipsychotic, psychosis
Abstract: Δ 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ 9-THC) is the main compound of the Cannabis Sativa responsible for most of the effects of the plant. Another major constituent is cannabidiol (CBD), formerly regarded to be devoid of pharmacological activity. However, laboratory rodents and human studies have shown that this cannabinoid is able to prevent psychotic-like symptoms induced by high doses of Δ 9- THC. Subsequent studies have demonstrated that CBD has antipsychotic effects as observed using animal models and in healthy volunteers. Thus, this article provides a critical review of the research evaluating antipsychotic potential of this cannabinoid. CBD appears to have pharmacological profile similar to that of atypical antipsychotic drugs as seem using behavioral and neurochemical techniques in animal models. Additionally, CBD prevented human experimental psychosis and was effective in open case reports and clinical trials in patients with schizophrenia with a remarkable safety profile. Moreover, fMRI results strongly suggest that the antipsychotic effects of CBD in relation to the psychotomimetic effects of Δ 9-THC involve the striatum and temporal cortex that have been traditionally associated with psychosis. Although the mechanisms of the antipsychotic properties are still not fully understood, we propose a hypothesis that could have a heuristic value to inspire new studies. These results support the idea that CBD may be a future therapeutic option in psychosis, in general and in schizophrenia, in particular.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Waldo Zuardi Antonio, Alexandre S. Crippa Jose, E.C. Hallak Jaime, Bhattacharyya Sagnik, Atakan Zerrin, Martin-Santos Rocio, K. McGuire Philip and Silveira Guimaraes Francisco, A Critical Review of the Antipsychotic Effects of Cannabidiol: 30 Years of a Translational Investigation, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2012; 18 (32) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212802884681
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212802884681 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Neuro-AIDS: Current Status and Challenges to Antiretroviral Drug Therapy (ART) for Its Treatment
Current Drug Therapy Preface [Hot topic: Current Pharmacotherapeutic Approaches to the Treatment of Cognitive Impairment in Alzheimers Disease and Related Disorders (Executive Editor : Bernd Ibach)]
Current Pharmaceutical Design Insight γ-Secretase: Structure, Function, and Role in Alzheimer’s Disease
Current Drug Targets Cerebrolysin, a Mixture of Neurotrophic Factors Induces Marked Neuroprotection in Spinal Cord Injury Following Intoxication of Engineered Nanoparticles from Metals
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Tackling the Elusive Challenges Relevant to Conquering the 100-Plus Year Old Problem of Alzheimer’s Disease
Current Alzheimer Research The Role of Adenosine in Alzheimers Disease
Current Neuropharmacology Patent Annotations
Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery Polyphenols as Potential Therapeutics for Pain and Inflammation in Spinal Cord Injury
Current Molecular Pharmacology In Silico Inhibition of BACE-1 by Selective Phytochemicals as Novel Potential Inhibitors: Molecular Docking and DFT Studies
Current Drug Discovery Technologies Abnormal Sleep Behaviours Across the Spectrum of Alzheimer’s Disease Severity: Influence of APOE Genotypes and Lewy Bodies
Current Alzheimer Research Testosterone and Cognition in Normal Aging and Alzheimers Disease: An Update
Current Alzheimer Research Adrenomedullin Expression in Alzheimer's Brain
Current Alzheimer Research C. elegans as a Genetic Model System to Identify Parkinson's Disease- Associated Therapeutic Targets
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Viral Inhibition of Tumour Necrosis Factor-α (TNFα) and TNF-Receptor Induced Apoptosis and Inflammation
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents Methamphetamine and HIV Infection, Role in Neurocognitive Dysfunction
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Cytokine Antibody Arrays in Biomarker Discovery and Validation
Current Proteomics Homocysteine in Neurological Disease: A Marker or a Cause?
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Amyloid β Accumulation Assessed with <sup>11</sup>C-Pittsburgh Compound B PET and Postmortem Neuropathology
Current Alzheimer Research The Clinical Utility of Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM): A Review
Current Hypertension Reviews Applying Knowledge of Enzyme Biochemistry to the Prediction of Functional Sites for Aiding Drug Discovery
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry