Abstract
Single cell genomics has made increasingly significant contributions to our understanding of the role that somatic genome variations play in human neuronal diversity and brain diseases. Studying intercellular genome and epigenome variations has provided new clues to the delineation of molecular mechanisms that regulate development, function and plasticity of the human central nervous system (CNS). It has been shown that changes of genomic content and epigenetic profiling at single cell level are involved in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric diseases (schizophrenia, mental retardation (intellectual/leaning disability), autism, Alzheimer’s disease etc.). Additionally, several brain diseases were found to be associated with genome and chromosome instability (copy number variations, aneuploidy) variably affecting cell populations of the human CNS. The present review focuses on the latest advances of single cell genomics, which have led to a better understanding of molecular mechanisms of neuronal diversity and neuropsychiatric diseases, in the light of dynamically developing fields of systems biology and “omics”.
Keywords: Aneuploidy, Brain, Chromosome instability, Disease, Epigenome, Genomic variations, Single cell genomics, Somatic mosaicism, epigenome
Current Genomics
Title:Single Cell Genomics of the Brain: Focus on Neuronal Diversity and Neuropsychiatric Diseases
Volume: 13 Issue: 6
Author(s): Ivan Y Iourov, Svetlana G Vorsanova and Yuri B Yurov
Affiliation:
Keywords: Aneuploidy, Brain, Chromosome instability, Disease, Epigenome, Genomic variations, Single cell genomics, Somatic mosaicism, epigenome
Abstract: Single cell genomics has made increasingly significant contributions to our understanding of the role that somatic genome variations play in human neuronal diversity and brain diseases. Studying intercellular genome and epigenome variations has provided new clues to the delineation of molecular mechanisms that regulate development, function and plasticity of the human central nervous system (CNS). It has been shown that changes of genomic content and epigenetic profiling at single cell level are involved in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric diseases (schizophrenia, mental retardation (intellectual/leaning disability), autism, Alzheimer’s disease etc.). Additionally, several brain diseases were found to be associated with genome and chromosome instability (copy number variations, aneuploidy) variably affecting cell populations of the human CNS. The present review focuses on the latest advances of single cell genomics, which have led to a better understanding of molecular mechanisms of neuronal diversity and neuropsychiatric diseases, in the light of dynamically developing fields of systems biology and “omics”.
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Cite this article as:
Y Iourov Ivan, G Vorsanova Svetlana and B Yurov Yuri, Single Cell Genomics of the Brain: Focus on Neuronal Diversity and Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Current Genomics 2012; 13 (6) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920212802510439
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920212802510439 |
Print ISSN 1389-2029 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5488 |
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