General Background and Introduction
Page: 1-13 (13)
Author: Pratima Bajpai*
DOI: 10.2174/9789815322163124010004
PDF Price: $15
Abstract
Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is a singular natural nanomaterial when compared to other naturally occurring or artificially created nanomaterials. Numerous bacteria have the ability to generate BNC, which helps them survive in various ecological environments. Due to its exceptional physico-chemical and biological properties, it is becoming a biomaterial that is significant in many industrial areas. BNC is a strong contender for usage in papermaking because of its intrinsic nanometric size and strength characteristics. For the manufacture of cellulose, Gluconacetobacter xylinus, previously known as Acetobacter xylinus, is the species of bacteria that has been investigated the most. These bacteria are confined behind a gelatinous, skin-like BNC membrane, which keeps them at the surface of the culture medium throughout the production of cellulose. Bacterial-derived cellulose nanofibrils have the benefit of having unique characteristics, plus the ability to modify culture conditions to change the way the nanofibrils develop and crystallize. An overview and background information on bacterial nanocellulose are provided in this chapter.
Properties of Bacterial Nanocellulose
Page: 14-27 (14)
Author: Pratima Bajpai*
DOI: 10.2174/9789815322163124010005
PDF Price: $15
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose is recognized as a multifaceted, versatile biomaterial with abundant applications. It is a completely biodegradable, ecological, non-toxic, chemically stable, and biocompatible material. Unlike plant cellulose, it is characterized by high crystallinity, a higher degree of polymerization, and higher tensile strength and Young’s modulus. In addition, bacterial cellulose, unlike vegetable cellulose, has a smaller diameter of fibres and hence possesses higher hydrophilicity. The properties of bacterial cellulose depend on multiple factors, such as culture conditions, the type of microorganisms, and nutrients present in the growth medium. These factors have a huge impact on the properties of the polymer, such as strength, crystallinity, degree of polymerization, or hygroscopicity.
Biosynthesis of Bacterial Nanocellulose
Page: 28-38 (11)
Author: Pratima Bajpai*
DOI: 10.2174/9789815322163124010006
PDF Price: $15
Abstract
Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) biosynthesis is a well-organized and strictly controlled process and has two stages: first, the formation of 1,4-glucan linkages, and subsequently the assembly and cellulose crystallization. The process starts with the carbon source, such as glucose and fructose, being transported into the cell, where the cellulose precursor UDPG is produced. Bcs then polymerizes glucose from UDPG into 1,4-glucan strands. Finally, cellulose chains are secreted as sub-fibrils through pores in the cell membrane and then combined into ribbons in a 3D nanofiber network supported by hydrogen bonds.
Methods for the Production of Bacterial Nanocellulose
Page: 39-69 (31)
Author: Pratima Bajpai*
DOI: 10.2174/9789815322163124010007
PDF Price: $15
Abstract
Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) has been produced utilizing a range of techniques, which include continuous culture techniques employing common bioprocesses like bioreactors, as well as batch and fed-batch growth techniques. The final application of BNC dictates the manufacturing strategy since the procedure directly affects the supramolecular structure and mechanical and physical characteristics of BNC. Techniques for the production of bacterial nanocellulose are described in this chapter.
Application of Bacterial Nanocellulose in Papermaking and Packaging
Page: 70-128 (59)
Author: Pratima Bajpai*
DOI: 10.2174/9789815322163124010008
PDF Price: $15
Abstract
Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) has several intriguing potential uses and is now employed in various industries because of its remarkable mechanical qualities. The application of bacterial nanocellulose in papermaking and packaging is discussed. A brief description of papermaking and packaging is also presented. BNC is a preferred material for the paper manufacturing sector. The active and intelligent food packaging of BNC offers a new and innovative approach to extending the shelf life and maintaining, improving, or monitoring product quality and safety.
Challenges and Future Perspectives
Page: 129-133 (5)
Author: Pratima Bajpai*
DOI: 10.2174/9789815322163124010009
PDF Price: $15
Abstract
Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is a material of enormous industrial concern and is known to have applicability in versatile fields. Therefore, the additional impetus is obligatory to make this greener material a competitive product while at the same time being economically viable. BNC is widely used in different technological applications. Thus, there are constant efforts for feasible procurement of BNC by bringing down the production costs and yield augmentation and overall improving its performance by tailoring the physical, mechanical and biological properties. BNC has great potential as a reinforcing material and is especially applicable for recycled paper and for paper made of nonwoody cellulose fiber. By enhancing the strength and durability of paper, modified BNC shows great potential for the production of fireresistant and specialized papers. However, the biotechnological aspects of BNC need to be improved to minimize the cost of its production and, thus, make this process economically feasible.
Introduction
Bacterial Nanocellulose for Papermaking and Packaging explores the groundbreaking potential of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) in the papermaking and packaging industries. It provides an in-depth overview of BNC`s unique properties, biosynthesis, and scalable production methods, highlighting its role as a sustainable, high-performance biomaterial. Special emphasis is placed on its applications, such as enhancing paper durability, fire resistance, barrier properties, and creating specialized paper products. Key Features: - Comprehensive analysis of BNC`s production methods, from lab-scale to industrial scale. - Insights into BNC`s transformative applications in papermaking, including as a reinforcing agent and coating material. - Exploration of BNC`s potential in developing advanced packaging solutions. - Discussion on challenges and future perspectives for sustainable and cost-effective BNC production.