Abstract
Most higher plant species are hermaphroditic and development of efficient pollination control systems is highly desirable in maintaining economical and convenient outbreeding in plants for hybrid development. Over the last two decades, several pollination control systems have been developed by genetic-engineering of nuclear or cytoplasmic encoded genes. Some of the strategies are in practical use or ready to be used in agriculture and many of them have significant importance in future hybrid-breeding programs. For the successful application of these systems, future research should take into account efficient and economical production of male-sterile female parent lines and biosafety majors.
Keywords: Male sterility, gene expression system.
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