Loss of Cellular Differentiation in Renal Carcinoma

Abstract

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a silent cancer that has increased in prevalence in the last decade, in men older than 50 years old. Clear cell RCC is the most common type of renal cancer and the most lethal urogenital cancer with a mortality rate above to 40% of frequency. More than 30% of renal cancers develop which are increasing worldwide metastatic spread. The main risk factors related with this neoplasia are smoking, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and obesity, which are increasing worldwide. RCC has a low response to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which has led to the investigation of new pharmaceutical strategies, such as immunotherapy and/or its combination with chemotherapy and surgery, for the treatment of this neoplasia. Unfortunately, RCC is resistant to treatment, which complicates its management.

Keywords: Cancer, Cancer therapy, Metastasis, Risk factors, Treatment resistance.

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