Andrographolide and its Analogs: Botanical Sources, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Biotechnology

Pharmacognostic Characterization of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees

Author(s): Divya Kallingil Gopi*, Nilesh Yadav Jadhav, Sunil Kumar Koppala Narayana, Narayanan Kannan, Phani Deepika Polampalli, Nemallapalli Yamini, Radha Rai, Chandrasekaran and Vinod K. Nelson * .

Pp: 67-78 (12)

DOI: 10.2174/9789815256567124010007

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees is a well-known medicinal plant of the genus Andrographis belonging to the family Acanthaceae. This species is widely distributed throughout tropical and sub-tropical Southeast Asia, including India. This herb finds its place not only in the traditional systems of medicine but is also registered under Indian Pharmacopoeia. A. paniculata is bestowed with high therapeutic value and is used for the treatment of various ailments. This herb is adulterated with other species like Andrographis echioides and Swertia chirayita due to the lack of constant supply and less availability of A. paniculata. The herbaceous species possess apparent macroscopic similarities, and it is a tedious job to identify the actual raw drug. This chapter will provide in-depth knowledge of the pharmacognostical characterization of A. paniculata. Detailed macroscopic evaluation will help in the identification of the species in the field, and the comprehensive microscopic evaluation with the help of a transverse section will help delineate the species from its adulterant. The powder microscopic study will help in the identification of this medicinal plant, even in its powder form. The pharmacognostic standards put forward for the correct identification and authentication will prove to be a benchmark standard for this highly potent medicinal herb.  


Keywords: Adulteration, Authentication, Andrographis, Andrographolide, Pharmacognosy

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