Abstract
Bone provides support to the skeletal system, associated with joints,
cartilage, and muscles attached to bones to help move the body and protect the human
internal organs. Bone fracture is a common ailment in the human body due to external
force on the bone. The structure of the bone is disturbed, which causes pain, frailness,
and bone not functioning properly. Avulsion fracture, Greenstick fracture, Comminuted
fracture, Compression fracture, Simple fracture, and Open fracture are different types
of fractures. The literature presents a significant number of research papers covering
the detection of different kinds of fractures (wrist, hand, leg, skull, spine, chest, etc.).
There are different medical imaging tools available such as X-ray, Magnetic Resonance
Imaging (MRI), Computed Tomography (CT) and ultrasound, which detect different
types of fractures. This paper represents a review study to discuss various bone fracture
detection and classification techniques between fracture and non-fracture bone.
Keywords: Bone Fracture, Classification, CT, Detection, Machine Learning, MRI, Orthopedics, X-ray.