Carbohydrate Metabolism

Carbohydrate metabolism starts with the ingestion of food, breakdown

(digestion), and absorption of monosaccharides by the intestinal enterocytes. The

absorbed monosaccharides are involved in many cellular processes. They are

transferred to cells for aerobic and anaerobic respiration via glycolysis, citric acid cycle

and pentose phosphate pathway to be used in the starvation state. In the normal state,

the skeletal muscle and liver cells store monosaccharides in the form of glycogen. The

extra glucose is converted to triglycerides via lipogenesis and is stored in the lipid

droplets of adipocytes. The present chapter describes in details carbohydrate

metabolism and its cellular processes.

Keywords: Absorption, Carbohydrates, Digestion, Cellular respiration, Gluconeogenesis, Glycogenolysis, Glycogenesis, Glycolysis, Transport.

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