Microbial Metalloproteome: Approaches and Biomedical Application in Microbial Antibiotics Resistance

Microbial metalloproteomics involves a detailed analysis of the proteins that have metals as an important part or known to bind to metals in biological samples. Recent updates showed that metalloproteome helps in understanding the role of different environments/conditions in the survival of microbes and is involved in microbial pathogenesis. Microbial metalloproteomics could also be used in understanding the resistance mechanisms of microbes. We have explored different metalloproteomic approaches such as inductively coupled plasma-Mass spectroscopy (ICP)-MS, X-ray absorption/fluorescence, radionuclide, and bioinformatics. We have also discussed the role of metalloproteins such as metallo-beta-lactamases in microbial drug resistance, the alternation of the microbial proteome in response to the metal, and their role in host-pathogen interactions. We have also surveyed different therapeutics targeting the microbial metalloproteins. Current advancements in the metalloproteome would help in understanding the mechanism better and the adequate role of metalloenzymes and proteins in conferring the drug resistance in microbes.

Keywords: Host-pathogen interaction, ICP-MS, Metalloproteome, Metallo-beta lactamases, Metalloproteomic approaches, Metal inducible proteome, Microbial drug resistance, Microbial therapeutics, X-ray absorption.