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Current Drug Safety

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1574-8863
ISSN (Online): 2212-3911

Case Report

Double Infection in a Patient with Psoriatic Arthritis Under TNF-alpha Blockers Therapy: A Case Report

Author(s): Benedetto Caroleo, Alberto Migliore, Erika Cione, Stefania Zampogna, Francesco Perticone, Giovambattista De Sarro and Luca Gallelli*

Volume 14, Issue 2, 2019

Page: [147 - 150] Pages: 4

DOI: 10.2174/1574886314666190114124625

Price: $65

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Abstract

Background: Either direct or indirect tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha blockers are usually used to treat psoriatic arthritis (PA), but their use can increase susceptibility to infectious diseases.

Case Presentation: We report a rare case of double skin-knee wound and lung non-tubercular infection in a patient with PA under TNF-alpha blockers therapy. About 1 year after the beginning of adalimumab, a 48-year-old smoker suffering of PA was hospitalized for the skin-knee wound.

Results: Clinical evaluation and biochemical markers excluded the presence of a systemic disease, and a skin infection sustained by leishmaniasis probably related to adalimumab was diagnosed (Naranjo score: 6). Adalimumab was discontinued and oral treatment with apremilast and topical treatment with meglumine antimoniate was started with a complete remission of skin wound in 2 weeks. About 7 months later when the patient was under apremilast treatment, he presented to our observation for dyspnea, cough and fever. High-Resolution Computer Tomography (HRCT) chest highlighted alveolar involvement with centrilobular small nodules, branching linear and nodular opacities. Microbiological culture of both broncho-alveolar lavage fluid and sputum documented an infection sustained by nontuberculous mycobacteria. Even if apremilast treatment probably-induced lung infection, we can’t exclude that it worsened a clinical condition induced by adalimumab. Apremilast was stopped and an empirical antitubercular treatment was started. Patient's breathlessness and cough improved as confirmed also by HRCT chest.

Conclusion: This case highlights the importance to consider the possibility to develop leishmaniasis and/or non-tubercular mycobacterial infection in patients treated with TNF-alpha inhibitors.

Keywords: TNF-alpha inhibitors, skin-knees ulcer, lung infection, bDMARD, Psoriatic arthriatis, HR-CT.

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