Abstract
The ability to differentiate into cells of different lineage, such as muscle, bone, cartilage and fat, is the chief value of adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) which can be used with the final aim to regenerate damaged tissue. Due to potential use, as well as importance in tissue development, a number of questions have been raised regarding the molecular mechanisms of MSC differentiation. As one of the crucial mediators in organism development, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) superfamily directs MSCs commitment in the selection of differentiation pathways. In this review we aim to give an overview of the current knowledge on the mechanisms of MSCs differentiation, on the involvement of TGF-β superfamily in MSCs differentiation with additional insight into the mutual regulation of microRNAs and TGF-β in MSCs differentiation. Particular focus has been given to the signaling and transcriptional networks governing the differentiation processes.
Keywords: Mesenchymal stem cells, transforming growth factor beta, osteogenic, adipogenic, chondrogenic, myogenic, differentiation, microRNA.
Graphical Abstract
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
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The scope of this thematic issue centers on the integration of proteomic and peptidomic technologies into the field of cancer immunotherapy, with a particular emphasis on exploring the tumor immune microenvironment. This issue aims to gather contributions that illustrate the application of these advanced methodologies in unveiling the complex interplay ...read more
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