Abstract
Background: Due to the wide range of the mixed convection dilemma, it becomes one of the main topics of research in the last two decades. These types of fluid flow and heat transfer occur in technological and industrial applications, such as electronic cooling, crystal growth, and solar collectors, energy-saving household, double-wall thermal insulation and oil extraction. In addition, the view of nanofluid and convection inside an enclosure and considering its complex shape, make it much more significant in these applications which motivate us to consider the present type of problem.
Method: The finite volume method and the SIMPLER algorithm are employed to solve the governing mass, momentum, and energy equations. The first step of discretizing the governing equations is to generate a finite difference mesh in the computational domain. A control volume is used around each node of the mesh afterwards. The governing equations are then integrated over each control volume. The diffusion terms are replaced using a second-order central difference scheme; while, a hybrid scheme is employed for the convective terms to obtain stable solutions for convectiondominated cases. An under relaxation scheme is adopted to obtain the converged solutions. Results: Results show that for all inclination angles at various aspect ratios ranging from 0.15 to 0.5, with increasing solid nanoparticles volume fraction up to 0.015, the average Nusselt number enhances and then decreases. In these aspect ratios, for all solid nanoparticles volume fractions, the average Nusselt number at inclination angle equal to 90° is greater than it at the other. Furthermore, with increasing inclination angle from 0 to 90°, the maximum enhancement of average Nusselt number is 39.8% which occurs at nanoparticles volume fraction of 0.008 and aspect ratio of 0.75. Conclusion: At low solid volume fraction (φ=0.002), there is not a distinct differences in the temperature and streamline counters of nanofluid compared to those of the base fluid. 3. In addition, with increasing inclination angle from 0 to 90°, the maximum enhancement of average Nusselt number is 39.8% which occurs at volume fraction of 0.008 and aspect ratio of 0.75.Keywords: Cavity, inclination angle, mixed convection, nanofluid, Richardson number.
Graphical Abstract
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Role of nanomaterials in fabrication of coatings, Machining and Joining
The application of nanoscience has brought about a revolution in the field of mechanical engineering by providing novel materials, boosting manufacturing processes, and generating cutting-edge products. The purpose of this special issue is to investigate the enormous impact that nanoscience has had on mechanical engineering, with a particular emphasis on ...read more
Advanced Inorganic Nanocomposites and Their Emerging Applications
This special issue collection will highlight developments on the recent trends about the synthesis of metal oxides, nanoclusters, biomaterials, 2D nanomaterials, nanocrystals, nanocomposites, etc. and their applications in electrochemical systems, tissue regeneration, energy storage and harvesting, sensors, etc. The novelty of the methods in the chemical synthesis and their characterizations, ...read more
Applicability of Nanotechnology for Performance Enhancement of Clean Energy Technologies
Population growth, industrialization, and improvement in living quality would lead to further increase in energy demand in near future. Regarding the disadvantages of fossil fuels such as fluctuations in their price, high emissions of greenhouse gases and restriction of their sources, it is crucial to use and exploit alternative energy ...read more
Graphene and 2D Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion
This thematic issue will discuss the recent advances in graphene-based nanomaterials for different energy technologies. Graphene possesses a high surface area, and stable structure and exhibits many interesting electronic, optical, and mechanical properties due to its 2D crystal structure. Graphene is of both fundamental interest and suitable for a wide ...read more
Related Books
Nanoscale Field Effect Transistors: Emerging Applications
Nanoelectronics Devices: Design, Materials, and Applications Part II
Nanoelectronics Devices: Design, Materials, and Applications (Part I)
Role of Nanotechnology in Cancer Therapy
Synthesis and Applications of Semiconductor Nanostructures
Pathways to Green Nanomaterials: Plants as Raw Materials, Reducing Agents and Hosts
Applications of Nanomaterials in Medical Procedures and Treatments
Synthesis of Nanomaterials
Nanobiotechnology: Principles and Applications
Bio-Inspired Nanotechnology
13