Abstract
Background: The cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are membrane-bound hemoproteins that play a pivotal role in the detoxification of xenobiotics, cellular metabolism and homeostasis. Induction or inhibition of CYP enzymes is a major mechanism that underlies drug-drug interactions. CYP enzymes can be transcriptionally activated by various xenobiotics and endogenous substrates through receptor-dependent mechanisms. CYP enzyme inhibition is a principal mechanism for metabolism- based drug-drug interactions. Many chemotherapeutic drugs can cause drug interactions due to their ability to either inhibit or induce the CYP enzyme system. Predictions based on in silico analyses followed by validation have identified several microRNAs that regulate CYPs. Genetic polymorphisms and epigenetic changes in CYP genes may be responsible for inter-individual and interethnic variations in disease susceptibility and the therapeutic efficacy of drugs.
Objective: The present review is a comprehensive compilation of cytochrome P450 structure, function, pharmacogenetics, pharmacoepigenetics and clinical significance.
Conclusion: Knowledge about the substrates, inducers, and inhibitors of CYP isoforms, as well as the polymorphisms of CYP enzymes may be used as an aid by clinicians to determine therapeutic strategy, and treatment doses for drugs that are metabolized by CYP gene products.
Keywords: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs), cytochrome P450, drug interactions, genetic polymorphisms, microRNA, moonlighting proteins, xenobiotics.
Current Drug Targets
Title:Cytochrome P450 Structure, Function and Clinical Significance: A Review
Volume: 19 Issue: 1
Author(s): Palrasu Manikandan and Siddavaram Nagini*
Affiliation:
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar- 608 002, Tamil Nadu,India
Keywords: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs), cytochrome P450, drug interactions, genetic polymorphisms, microRNA, moonlighting proteins, xenobiotics.
Abstract: Background: The cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are membrane-bound hemoproteins that play a pivotal role in the detoxification of xenobiotics, cellular metabolism and homeostasis. Induction or inhibition of CYP enzymes is a major mechanism that underlies drug-drug interactions. CYP enzymes can be transcriptionally activated by various xenobiotics and endogenous substrates through receptor-dependent mechanisms. CYP enzyme inhibition is a principal mechanism for metabolism- based drug-drug interactions. Many chemotherapeutic drugs can cause drug interactions due to their ability to either inhibit or induce the CYP enzyme system. Predictions based on in silico analyses followed by validation have identified several microRNAs that regulate CYPs. Genetic polymorphisms and epigenetic changes in CYP genes may be responsible for inter-individual and interethnic variations in disease susceptibility and the therapeutic efficacy of drugs.
Objective: The present review is a comprehensive compilation of cytochrome P450 structure, function, pharmacogenetics, pharmacoepigenetics and clinical significance.
Conclusion: Knowledge about the substrates, inducers, and inhibitors of CYP isoforms, as well as the polymorphisms of CYP enzymes may be used as an aid by clinicians to determine therapeutic strategy, and treatment doses for drugs that are metabolized by CYP gene products.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Manikandan Palrasu and Nagini Siddavaram*, Cytochrome P450 Structure, Function and Clinical Significance: A Review, Current Drug Targets 2018; 19 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450118666170125144557
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450118666170125144557 |
Print ISSN 1389-4501 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-5592 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Drug-Targeted Approach with Polymer Nanocomposites for Improved Therapeutics
Polymer nanocomposites have been recognized as an advanced and cutting-edge technique in drug targeting administration. These materials combine the unique features of nanoparticles with the adaptability of polymers to produce highly personalized drug administration devices. Integrating nanoparticles containing pharmaceuticals into a polymer matrix enables researchers to regulate the rates at ...read more
New drug therapy for eye diseases
Eyesight is one of the most critical senses, accounting for over 80% of our perceptions. Our quality of life might be significantly affected by eye disease, including glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, dry eye, etc. Although the development of microinvasive ocular surgery reduces surgical complications and improves overall outcomes, medication therapy is ...read more
Therapeutic Chemical and RNA Design with Artificial Intelligence
Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD) has emerged as a fundamental component of modern drug discovery. Molecular docking facilitates virtual screening on a large scale through structural simulations. However, traditional CADD approaches face significant limitations, as they can only screen known compounds from existing libraries. PubChem, as the most widely used chemical ...read more

- Author Guidelines
- Bentham Author Support Services (BASS)
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Pharmacological Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Update
Current Diabetes Reviews Recent Advances in Characterizing Natural Products that Regulate Autophagy
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Developments of Polo-like Kinase 1 (Plk1) Inhibitors as Anti-Cancer Agents
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Advances in Translational Pharmacological Investigations in Identifying and Validating Molecular Targets of Natural Product Anticancer Agents
Current Cancer Drug Targets Current Constructs and Targets in Clinical Development for Antibody- Based Cancer Therapy
Current Drug Targets Fighting Carcinogenesis with Plant Metabolites by Weakening Proliferative Signaling and Disabling Replicative Immortality Networks of Rapidly Dividing and Invading Cancerous Cells
Current Drug Delivery PCSK9 Inhibitors for the Management of Dyslipidemia in People with Type 2 Diabetes: How Low is Too Low?
Current Pharmaceutical Design Radiation and Gene Therapy: Rays of Hope for the New Millennium?
Current Gene Therapy Nutraceuticals as Potential Chemopreventive Agents: A Review
The Natural Products Journal Aflibercept (VEGF-TRAP): The Next Anti-VEGF Drug
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Cell Cycle as a Target of Antineoplastic Drugs
Current Pharmaceutical Design Synthesis of Porphyrin, Chlorin and Phthalocyanine Derivatives by Azide-Alkyne Click Chemistry
Current Medicinal Chemistry Crosstalk of Long Non-coding RNAs and EMT: Searching the Missing Pieces of an Incomplete Puzzle for Lung Cancer Therapy
Current Cancer Drug Targets HIF Prolyl-4-hydroxylase Interacting Proteins: Consequences for Drug Targeting
Current Pharmaceutical Design Role of Flavonoids in Future Anticancer Therapy by Eliminating the Cancer Stem Cells
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Therapeutic Approach to Multiple Sclerosis by Novel Oral Drugs
Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery Atypical Manifestations of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection in Children: A Systematic Review
Current Pediatric Reviews Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer: Novel Therapeutics Pre- or Post- Taxane Administration
Current Cancer Drug Targets Marine Sponges: Potential Sources of New Antimicrobial Drugs
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Oncogenic MicroRNAs in the Genesis of Leukemia and Lymphoma
Current Pharmaceutical Design