Abstract
Background: Silver nanofabricated products are well known elements from ages, and have great demand at present due to their massive significance in therapeutics, diagnostics, theranostics and targeted drug delivery systems. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) came into limelight, owing to their diverse pharmacotherapeutic potentials such as antiproliferative, anti-infective, anti-inflammatory, anti-coagulant etc. This resulted in increased commercial production of AgNPs and Ag-related products at highest pace. In majority of commercial AgNP production, traditionally wet chemical reduction techniques are employed that utilize chemicals that are non-ecofriendly, produce by-products, emit harmful substances and are expensive. Plant extracts are most environment friendly, easily available and are economically viable. The biological mediated approach serves as the most promising alternative to synthesize size-controlled AgNPs commercially.
Method: We undertook a search of bibliographic and patent databases for peer-reviewed research literature using a conceptual framework. The quality screened papers and patents were classified, judged and included for the study. Result: The study revealed that AgNPs have potential as nanomedicine owing to their diverse activity. About 91 different plants and 16 patented methods were highlighted along with mechanism of actions for the fabrication of nanoparticles. Conclusion: This article exclusively focuses on simple, environment friendly, size/shapecontrolled synthesis of AgNPs using plant extracts and highlights the knowledge of existing plant resources for producing nanomaterials.Keywords: Extract, green synthesis, nanomedicine, nanoparticles, patents, silver.
Graphical Abstract
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