Abstract
Pediatric Bipolar Disorder (BD) is a highly morbid pediatric psychiatric disease, consistently associated with family psychiatric history of mood disorders and associated with high levels of morbidity and disability and with a great risk of suicide. While there is a general consensus on the symptomatology of depression in childhood, the phenomenology of pediatric mania is still highly debated and the course and long-term outcome of pediatric BD still need to be clarified. We reviewed the available studies on the phenomenology of pediatric mania with the aim of summarizing the prevalence, demographics, clinical correlates and course of these two types of pediatric mania. Eighteen studies reported the number of subjects presenting with either irritable or elated mood during mania. Irritability has been reported to be the most frequent clinical feature of pediatric mania reaching a sensitivity of 95–100% in several samples. Only half the studies reviewed reported on number of episodes or cycling patterns and the described course was mostly chronic and ultra-rapid whereas the classical episodic presentation was less common.
Few long-term outcome studies have reported a diagnostic stability of mania from childhood to young adult age. Future research should focus on the heterogeneity of irritability aiming at differentiating distinct subtypes of pediatric psychiatric disorders with distinct phenomenology, course, outcome and biomarkers. Longitudinal studies of samples attending to mood presentation, irritable versus elated, and course, chronic versus episodic, may help clarify whether these are meaningful distinctions in the course, treatment and outcome of pediatric onset bipolar disorder.Keywords: Adolescence, bipolar disorder, cardinal symptoms, childhood, irritability, mania.
Current Neuropharmacology
Title:Pediatric Mania: The Controversy between Euphoria and Irritability
Volume: 15 Issue: 3
Author(s): Giulia Serra*, Mai Uchida, Claudia Battaglia, Maria Pia Casinia, Lavinia De Chiara, Joseph Biederman, Stefano Vicari and Janet Wozniak
Affiliation:
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Dept. of Neuroscience, I.R.C.C.S. Children Hospital Bambino Gesù, Rome,Italy
Keywords: Adolescence, bipolar disorder, cardinal symptoms, childhood, irritability, mania.
Abstract: Pediatric Bipolar Disorder (BD) is a highly morbid pediatric psychiatric disease, consistently associated with family psychiatric history of mood disorders and associated with high levels of morbidity and disability and with a great risk of suicide. While there is a general consensus on the symptomatology of depression in childhood, the phenomenology of pediatric mania is still highly debated and the course and long-term outcome of pediatric BD still need to be clarified. We reviewed the available studies on the phenomenology of pediatric mania with the aim of summarizing the prevalence, demographics, clinical correlates and course of these two types of pediatric mania. Eighteen studies reported the number of subjects presenting with either irritable or elated mood during mania. Irritability has been reported to be the most frequent clinical feature of pediatric mania reaching a sensitivity of 95–100% in several samples. Only half the studies reviewed reported on number of episodes or cycling patterns and the described course was mostly chronic and ultra-rapid whereas the classical episodic presentation was less common.
Few long-term outcome studies have reported a diagnostic stability of mania from childhood to young adult age. Future research should focus on the heterogeneity of irritability aiming at differentiating distinct subtypes of pediatric psychiatric disorders with distinct phenomenology, course, outcome and biomarkers. Longitudinal studies of samples attending to mood presentation, irritable versus elated, and course, chronic versus episodic, may help clarify whether these are meaningful distinctions in the course, treatment and outcome of pediatric onset bipolar disorder.Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Serra Giulia*, Uchida Mai, Battaglia Claudia, Casinia Pia Maria, Chiara De Lavinia, Biederman Joseph, Vicari Stefano and Wozniak Janet, Pediatric Mania: The Controversy between Euphoria and Irritability, Current Neuropharmacology 2017; 15 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570159X14666160607100403
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570159X14666160607100403 |
Print ISSN 1570-159X |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6190 |
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