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Current Drug Delivery

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1567-2018
ISSN (Online): 1875-5704

Ex vivo and In vivo Evaluation of Chitosan Coated Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for Ocular Delivery of Acyclovir

Author(s): Ali Seyfoddin, Trevor Sherwin, Dipika V. Patel, Charles N. McGhee, Ilva D. Rupenthal, John A. Taylor and Raida Al-Kassas

Volume 13, Issue 6, 2016

Page: [923 - 934] Pages: 12

DOI: 10.2174/1567201813666151116142752

Price: $65

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Abstract

Background: Herpes keratitis is the most common infectious cause of blindness in the developed world. It may be treated by acyclovir (ACV), however this antiviral drug is poorly soluble with low ocular bioavailability requiring high and frequent dosing. Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) were investigated to improve the ocular bioavailability of ACV by enhancing corneal penetration as well as prolonging the exposure of infected cells to the antiviral agent.

Methods: Cell uptake studies, ex vivo tolerance and cell uptake efficacy as well as in vivo corneal permeation of the developed lipid based formulations were investigated. NLCs were fabricated by the hot microemulsion technique and coated with 0.5% w/v chitosan. NLCs were capable of increasing the cell uptake of encapsulated fluorescein and ACV as examined by fluorescence microscopy and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) respectively.

Results: When entrapped in NLCs, the antiviral efficacy of ACV was increased by 3.5 fold after 24 hrs of exposure. The in vivo corneal permeation of the formulation was studied on Albino rabbits with NLCs capable of increasing the corneal bioavailability by 4.5 fold when compared to a commercially available ACV ophthalmic ointment.

Conclusion: NLCs enhanced the ocular bioavailability and antiviral properties of ACV through cell internalisation, sustained release, and increased corneal permeation.

Keywords: Acyclovir, NLCs, Ocular drug delivery, SLNs.

Graphical Abstract

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