Abstract
The production of superoxide anion radical (O2•-) is essential for the life of aerobic organisms. This free radical acts as a signaling molecule, regulating numerous biological processes including apoptosis, aging, and senescence. Nevertheless, when overproduction of O2•- occurs and/or antioxidant defences are deficient, oxidative stress may develop, damaging important biomolecules and altering their physiological function. These effects have been associated to the development of several diseases. Scavenging of O2•- has been used as a hallmark to test the antioxidant capacity of several types of compounds in cellular and non-cellular systems. However, despite the pathophysiological importance of O2•-, the information about its endogenous and/or chemical generation and detection is dispersed and there are no reports that concisely cover the information in an integrated form. This gap can explain the limitations attributed to the currently used systems, namely in what concerns the selectivity, specificity and validation. This review attempts to provide a critical assessment of the available O2•- generating and detection, both in endogenous and chemical systems, scrutinizing its advantages and limitations in order to facilitate the choice and implementation of the O2•- generator and/or detection method that better fits the researchers’ objectives.
Keywords: Superoxide radical, endogenous generation, chemical generation, scavenging activity, bioactive compounds, optical probes.
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Superoxide Anion Radical: Generation and Detection in Cellular and Non-Cellular Systems
Volume: 22 Issue: 37
Author(s): Renan Campos Chisté, Marisa Freitas, Adriana Zerlotti Mercadante and Eduarda Fernandes
Affiliation:
Keywords: Superoxide radical, endogenous generation, chemical generation, scavenging activity, bioactive compounds, optical probes.
Abstract: The production of superoxide anion radical (O2•-) is essential for the life of aerobic organisms. This free radical acts as a signaling molecule, regulating numerous biological processes including apoptosis, aging, and senescence. Nevertheless, when overproduction of O2•- occurs and/or antioxidant defences are deficient, oxidative stress may develop, damaging important biomolecules and altering their physiological function. These effects have been associated to the development of several diseases. Scavenging of O2•- has been used as a hallmark to test the antioxidant capacity of several types of compounds in cellular and non-cellular systems. However, despite the pathophysiological importance of O2•-, the information about its endogenous and/or chemical generation and detection is dispersed and there are no reports that concisely cover the information in an integrated form. This gap can explain the limitations attributed to the currently used systems, namely in what concerns the selectivity, specificity and validation. This review attempts to provide a critical assessment of the available O2•- generating and detection, both in endogenous and chemical systems, scrutinizing its advantages and limitations in order to facilitate the choice and implementation of the O2•- generator and/or detection method that better fits the researchers’ objectives.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Campos Chisté Renan, Freitas Marisa, Zerlotti Mercadante Adriana and Fernandes Eduarda, Superoxide Anion Radical: Generation and Detection in Cellular and Non-Cellular Systems, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2015; 22 (37) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867322666151029104311
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867322666151029104311 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Approaches to the treatment of chronic inflammation
Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of numerous diseases, significantly impacting global health. Although chronic inflammation is a hot topic, not much has been written about approaches to its treatment. This thematic issue aims to showcase the latest advancements in chronic inflammation treatment and foster discussion on future directions in this ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Hyperpolarized Metabolic MR in the Study of Cardiac Function and Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Design Patient Radiation Doses in Interventional Cardiology Procedures
Current Cardiology Reviews Revision on Renal Sympathetic Ablation in the Treatment of Resistant Hypertension
Current Hypertension Reviews Nitrones: A Potential New Alternative as Therapeutic Agents
Current Organic Chemistry An Experience with Delamanid in an XDR TB Case – Case Report
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets Therapeutic Effects of Micronutrient Supplements on Sperm Parameters: Fact or Fiction?
Current Pharmaceutical Design Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors as Drug Targets
Current Drug Targets - CNS & Neurological Disorders Heme Oxygenase-1: A Potential Antihypertensive Target?
Current Hypertension Reviews Screening for Inhibitors of Microglia to Reduce Neuroinflammation
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Properties and Therapeutic Potential of Transient Receptor Potential Channels with Putative Roles in Adversity: Focus on TRPC5, TRPM2 and TRPA1
Current Drug Targets Cardiovascular Effects of Modulators of Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase Activity
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry The Renin-Angiotensin System: New Insight into Old Therapies
Current Medicinal Chemistry COVID-19 Treatment Success After Repeat Courses of Azithromycin: A Report of Three Cases
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets Sex Steroids Regulation of Appetitive Behavior
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Current Strategies and Future Perspective for the Effective Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy
Current Drug Therapy Conserved Molecular Players for Axon Guidance and Angiogenesis
Current Protein & Peptide Science Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury, Antioxidant Enzyme Systems, and Selenium: A Review
Current Medicinal Chemistry Emerging Technologies in Biocompatible Surface Modifying Additives: Quest for Physiologic Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents Increased Aβ1-42 Production Sensitizes Neuroblastoma Cells for ER Stress Toxicity
Current Alzheimer Research What Restricts the Clinical Use of Nicotinic Acid?
Current Vascular Pharmacology