Present Insights on Cardiomyopathy in Diabetic Patients

Title:Present Insights on Cardiomyopathy in Diabetic Patients

Volume: 12 Issue: 4

Author(s): João Soares Felício, Camila Cavalcante Koury, Carolina Tavares Carvalho, João Felício Abrahão Neto, Karem Barbosa Miléo, Thaís Pontes Arbage, Denisson Dias Silva, Alana Ferreira de Oliveira, Amanda Soares Peixoto, Antônio Bentes Figueiredo, Ândrea Kely Campos Ribeiro dos Santos, Elizabeth Sumi Yamada and Maria Teresa Zanella

Affiliation:

Keywords: Diabetic cardiomyopathy, diabetes mellitus, left ventricular hypertrophy, left ventricular dysfunction, ambulatorial blood pressure measurement, diabetic autonomic neuropathy.

Abstract: The pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is partially understood and is likely to be multifactorial, involving metabolic disturbances, hypertension and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN). Therefore, an important need remains to further delineate the basic mechanisms of diabetic cardiomyopathy and to apply them to daily clinical practice. We attempt to detail some of these underlying mechanisms, focusing in the clinical features and management. The novelty of this review is the role of CAN and reduction of blood pressure descent during sleep in the development of DCM. Evidence has suggested that CAN might precede left ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction in normotensive patients with type 2 diabetes, serving as an early marker for the evaluation of preclinical cardiac abnormalities. Additionally, a prospective study demonstrated that an elevation of nocturnal systolic blood pressure and a loss of nocturnal blood pressure fall might precede the onset of abnormal albuminuria and cardiovascular events in hypertensive normoalbuminuric patients with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, existing microalbuminuria could imply the presence of myocardium abnormalities. Considering that DCM could be asymptomatic for a long period and progress to irreversible cardiac damage, early recognition and treatment of the preclinical cardiac abnormalities are essential to avoid severe cardiovascular outcomes. In this sense, we recommend that all type 2 diabetic patients, especially those with microalbuminuria, should be regularly submitted to CAN tests, Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring and echocardiography, and treated for any abnormalities in these tests in the attempt of reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.

Cite this article as:

Felício Soares João, Koury Cavalcante Camila, Carvalho Tavares Carolina, Abrahão Neto Felício João, Miléo Barbosa Karem, Arbage Pontes Thaís, Silva Dias Denisson, Oliveira Ferreira de Alana, Peixoto Soares Amanda, Figueiredo Bentes Antônio, Ribeiro dos Santos Kely Campos Ândrea, Yamada Sumi Elizabeth and Zanella Teresa Maria, Present Insights on Cardiomyopathy in Diabetic Patients, Current Diabetes Reviews 2016; 12 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573399812666150914120529