Abstract
Psoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the skin affecting approximately 2% of Caucasians. Psoriasis has a worldwide distribution, with prevalence varying according to race and geographic location. Numerous population-, family- and twin-based studies point to a very strong genetic component of this disease. Psoriasis is a complex disease, as suggested by a very unclear and variable pattern of inheritance and a higher frequency in families of dizygotic twins than in those of monozygotic twins. So far 9 psoriasis susceptibility loci have been identified (PSORS1-9) but only three (PSORS1, PSORS2 and PSORS4) have been replicated in more than one study. The strongest genetic association has been found with the HLA-C region on the short arm of chromosome 6. Failure to reach 100% concordance in monozygotic twins points to a multifactorial aetiology of psoriasis where environmental factors play an important role in genetically predisposed individuals. Clinical, histological and ultrastructural evidence suggests that psoriasis is a T cellmediated disease where T cell activation is followed by release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, leukocytic infiltration of the skin, abnormal keratinocyte proliferation and angiogenesis. It is not known which exogenous or endogenous antigen(s) is responsible for triggering T cell activation or which genes play a fundamental role in psoriasis. Research is being carried out in an attempt to answer these questions. Here we review the main pathogenetic and epidemiological aspects of this skin condition.
Keywords: psoriasis, epidemiology, prevalence, genetics, pathogenesis, multifactorial disease
Current Genomics
Title: The Clinical Genetics of Psoriasis
Volume: 6 Issue: 1
Author(s): E. Campalani and J. N.W.N. Barker
Affiliation:
Keywords: psoriasis, epidemiology, prevalence, genetics, pathogenesis, multifactorial disease
Abstract: Psoriasis is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the skin affecting approximately 2% of Caucasians. Psoriasis has a worldwide distribution, with prevalence varying according to race and geographic location. Numerous population-, family- and twin-based studies point to a very strong genetic component of this disease. Psoriasis is a complex disease, as suggested by a very unclear and variable pattern of inheritance and a higher frequency in families of dizygotic twins than in those of monozygotic twins. So far 9 psoriasis susceptibility loci have been identified (PSORS1-9) but only three (PSORS1, PSORS2 and PSORS4) have been replicated in more than one study. The strongest genetic association has been found with the HLA-C region on the short arm of chromosome 6. Failure to reach 100% concordance in monozygotic twins points to a multifactorial aetiology of psoriasis where environmental factors play an important role in genetically predisposed individuals. Clinical, histological and ultrastructural evidence suggests that psoriasis is a T cellmediated disease where T cell activation is followed by release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, leukocytic infiltration of the skin, abnormal keratinocyte proliferation and angiogenesis. It is not known which exogenous or endogenous antigen(s) is responsible for triggering T cell activation or which genes play a fundamental role in psoriasis. Research is being carried out in an attempt to answer these questions. Here we review the main pathogenetic and epidemiological aspects of this skin condition.
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Cite this article as:
Campalani E. and Barker N.W.N. J., The Clinical Genetics of Psoriasis, Current Genomics 2005; 6 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389202053202157
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389202053202157 |
Print ISSN 1389-2029 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5488 |
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