Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) have reciprocal relationship and share common pathophysiological mechanisms in the central nervous system. Depression and diabetes negatively affect cognitive function and are independent risk factors for mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer‟s disease (AD). It has been hypothesized that alterations in the production and processing of amyloid beta (Aβ) may be the principal pathological process in AD. Furthermore, it has been increasingly demonstrated that a long preclinical course precedes AD. A derivative of this observation is the hypothesis that a convergent pathophysiological substrate subserving MDD and DM may promote beta amyloid (Aβ) deposition. The present paper will review evidence linking MDD and DM to Aβ accumulation, with a particular emphasis on original reports that report on levels of Aβ40, Aβ42 and the Aβ40/42 ratio in plasma, serum, or cerebrospinal fluid of individuals with MDD and DM. The overarching goal herein is to press the point that MDD and DM are amyloidogenic and consequently represent modifiable risk factors for AD in later life. The prognostic intervention and prevention opportunity suggested by this notion is that: 1) increased rates of mood disorders and DM in an aging population will increase the population attributable risk for AD ascribed to these conditions, 2) improved outcomes in mood disorders and DM by effective “treating to target” may exert a salutary influence on underlying dementia promoting processes, 3) novel and repurposed medications that are capable of normalizing pathophysiological processes in MDD and DM could decrease the vulnerability towards AD.
Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, beta amyloid, depression, diabetes, insulin.
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets
Title:Are Major Depressive Disorder and Diabetes Mellitus Amyloidogenic Conditions?
Volume: 13 Issue: 10
Author(s): Anusha Baskaran, Andre F. Carvalho, Rodrigo B. Mansur and Roger S. McIntyre
Affiliation:
Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, beta amyloid, depression, diabetes, insulin.
Abstract: Major depressive disorder (MDD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) have reciprocal relationship and share common pathophysiological mechanisms in the central nervous system. Depression and diabetes negatively affect cognitive function and are independent risk factors for mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer‟s disease (AD). It has been hypothesized that alterations in the production and processing of amyloid beta (Aβ) may be the principal pathological process in AD. Furthermore, it has been increasingly demonstrated that a long preclinical course precedes AD. A derivative of this observation is the hypothesis that a convergent pathophysiological substrate subserving MDD and DM may promote beta amyloid (Aβ) deposition. The present paper will review evidence linking MDD and DM to Aβ accumulation, with a particular emphasis on original reports that report on levels of Aβ40, Aβ42 and the Aβ40/42 ratio in plasma, serum, or cerebrospinal fluid of individuals with MDD and DM. The overarching goal herein is to press the point that MDD and DM are amyloidogenic and consequently represent modifiable risk factors for AD in later life. The prognostic intervention and prevention opportunity suggested by this notion is that: 1) increased rates of mood disorders and DM in an aging population will increase the population attributable risk for AD ascribed to these conditions, 2) improved outcomes in mood disorders and DM by effective “treating to target” may exert a salutary influence on underlying dementia promoting processes, 3) novel and repurposed medications that are capable of normalizing pathophysiological processes in MDD and DM could decrease the vulnerability towards AD.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Baskaran Anusha, Carvalho F. Andre, Mansur B. Rodrigo and McIntyre S. Roger, Are Major Depressive Disorder and Diabetes Mellitus Amyloidogenic Conditions?, CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets 2014; 13 (10) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871527313666141130204300
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871527313666141130204300 |
Print ISSN 1871-5273 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1996-3181 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Diagnosis and treatment of central nervous system infectious diseases
Infectious diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) can be divided into bacterial, tuberculous, viral, fungal, parasitic infections, etc. Early etiological treatment is often the most crucial means to reduce the mortality rate of patients with central nervous system infections, reduce complications and sequelae, and improve prognosis. The initial clinical ...read more
Techniques of Drug Repurposing: Delivering a new life to Herbs & Drugs
Of late, with the adaptation of innovative approaches and integration of advancements made towards medical sciences as well as the availability of a wide range of tools; several therapeutic challenges are being translated into viable clinical solutions, with a high degree of efficacy, safety, and selectivity. With a better understanding ...read more
Trends and perspectives in the rational management of CNS disorders
Central nervous system (CNS) diseases enforce a significant global health burden, driving ongoing efforts to improve our understanding and effectiveness of therapy. This issue investigates current advances in the discipline, focusing on the understanding as well as therapeutic handling of various CNS diseases. The issue covers a variety of diseases, ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
The Pleiotropic Effects of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) on the Physiology and Pathology of Penile Erection
Current Pharmaceutical Design Quetiapine to Treat Agitation in Dementia: A Randomized, Double-Blind,Placebo-Controlled Study
Current Alzheimer Research Applications of Peptide Mimetics in Cancer
Current Medicinal Chemistry The Role of Recombinant Human Platelet-derived Growth Factor-BB (rhPDGF-BB) in Orthopaedic Bone Repair and Regeneration
Current Pharmaceutical Design Progress in the Research on Naturally Occurring Flavones and Flavonols: An Overview
Current Organic Chemistry Role of Salt and Potassium in Hypertension and the Associated Organ Damages
Current Hypertension Reviews Different Effects of Thiazolidinediones on Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Pioglitazone vs Rosiglitazone
Current Drug Safety Hypertension in Peripheral Arterial Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Design Systemic Cytokines in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Chronic Periodontitis
Current Diabetes Reviews Relevance of Nutritional Antioxidants in Metabolic Syndrome, Ageing and Cancer: Potential for Therapeutic Targeting
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets COPD Management: Look Beyond the Airway Obstruction, Chronic Bronchitis and Emphysema
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Phenanthridine Sulfonamide Derivatives as Potential DPP-IV Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation
Current Computer-Aided Drug Design Subject Index To Volume 7
Current Drug Targets Goto-kakizaki Rats: Its Suitability as Non-obese Diabetic Animal Model for Spontaneous Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Current Diabetes Reviews Meet Our Editorial Board Member:
Current Vascular Pharmacology Pitavastatin and 4-Hydroxy-3-Methoxyacetophenone (HMAP) Reduce Cognitive Dysfunction in Vascular Dementia During Experimental Diabetes
Current Neurovascular Research Imaging Patterns of Cardiovascular Involvement in Mixed Connective Tissue Disease Evaluated by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Why is the Inhibition of the Renin-Angiotensin System Effective for Preventing Cardiac Events in Patients with Coronary Risk Factors or Coronary Artery Disease?
Current Cardiology Reviews Pleiotropic Effects of ARB in Diabetes Mellitus
Current Vascular Pharmacology An Insight on the Leading HIV Entry Inhibitors
Recent Patents on Anti-Infective Drug Discovery