Reactive Oxygen Species in Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis

Title:Reactive Oxygen Species in Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis

Volume: 21 Issue: 9

Author(s): Nikolay V. Goncharov, Pavel V. Avdonin, Alexander D. Nadeev, Irina L. Zharkikh and Richard O. Jenkins

Affiliation:

• School of Allied Health Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK.,United Kingdom

Keywords: NADPH-oxidase, xanthine oxidase, peroxidase, NO-synthase, cytochrome P450, cyclooxygenase, hemoglobin.

Abstract: The volume of publications on the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in biological processes has been increasing exponentially over the last decades. ROS in large amounts clearly have detrimental effects on cell physiology, whereas low concentrations of ROS are permanently produced in cells and play a role as signaling molecules. An imbalance in ROS production and defense mechanisms can lead to pathological vascular remodeling, atherosclerosis being among them. The aim of this review is to examine different sources of ROS from the point of view of their participation in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and related cardiovascular risk. Among the possible sources of ROS discussed here are mitochondria, NADPH-oxidases, xanthine oxidase, peroxidases, NO-synthases, cytochrome P450, cyclooxygenases, lipoxygenases, and hemoglobin of red blood cells. A great challenge for future research is to establish interrelations, feedback and feed-forward regulation mechanisms of various sources of ROS in development of atherosclerosis and other vascular pathologies.

Cite this article as:

Goncharov V. Nikolay, Avdonin V. Pavel, Nadeev D. Alexander, Zharkikh L. Irina and Jenkins O. Richard, Reactive Oxygen Species in Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2015; 21(9) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612820666141014142557