Abstract
Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) is an isoenzyme of aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDH), a group of enzymes that are responsible for clearance of aldehydes in the body. In animal myocardial or cerebral ischemia/ reperfusion (I/R) models, accumulation of toxic aldehydes, such as 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal and malondialdehyde, is thought to be an important mechanism for myocardial and cerebral I/R injury. Among the isoenzymes of ALDH, ALDH2 is believed to play a major role in clearance of toxic aldehydes. Thus, ALDH2 might be a potential drug target for protection of the heart or brain from I/R injury. Indeed, some of the newly identified ALDH2 activators (such as Alda-1) have demonstrated beneficial effects on heart and brain I/R injury. In addition, ALDH activity is present at high levels in some stem or progenitor cells, known as ALDH bright (ALDHbr) cells, which possess potential value in treating patients with myocardial ischemia. The main purpose of this review is 1) to summarize recent findings regarding the role of ALDH2 in protection of heart or brain from I/R injury, 2) to list the available ALDH2 activators with their potency, selectivity and clinical potentials, and 3) to provide a rationale for ALDHbr cells in clinical therapeutic value.
Keywords: 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), Alda-1, aldehyde, ischemia/reperfusion injury, mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2), oxidative stress.
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Drug-Targeted Approach with Polymer Nanocomposites for Improved Therapeutics
Polymer nanocomposites have been recognized as an advanced and cutting-edge technique in drug targeting administration. These materials combine the unique features of nanoparticles with the adaptability of polymers to produce highly personalized drug administration devices. Integrating nanoparticles containing pharmaceuticals into a polymer matrix enables researchers to regulate the rates at ...read more
New drug therapy for eye diseases
Eyesight is one of the most critical senses, accounting for over 80% of our perceptions. Our quality of life might be significantly affected by eye disease, including glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, dry eye, etc. Although the development of microinvasive ocular surgery reduces surgical complications and improves overall outcomes, medication therapy is ...read more
Therapeutic Chemical and RNA Design with Artificial Intelligence
Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD) has emerged as a fundamental component of modern drug discovery. Molecular docking facilitates virtual screening on a large scale through structural simulations. However, traditional CADD approaches face significant limitations, as they can only screen known compounds from existing libraries. PubChem, as the most widely used chemical ...read more
Related Journals
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry
Current Bioactive Compounds
Current Cancer Drug Targets
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews
Current Diabetes Reviews
Current Drug Safety
Current Drug Therapy
Current Drug Delivery
Related Books
Anthocyanins: Pharmacology and Nutraceutical Importance
Computer-Aided Drug Discovery Methods: A Brief Introduction
The Roles and Responsibilities of Clinical Pharmacists in Hospital Settings
Bioactive Compounds from Medicinal Plants for Cancer Therapy and Chemoprevention
Drug Addiction Mechanisms in the Brain
Software and Programming Tools in Pharmaceutical Research
Objective Pharmaceutics: A Comprehensive Compilation of Questions and Answers for Pharmaceutics Exam Prep
Medicinal Chemistry of Drugs Affecting Cardiovascular and Endocrine Systems
Medicinal Plants, Phytomedicines and Traditional Herbal Remedies for Drug Discovery and Development against COVID-19
Advanced Pharmacy
77