Abstract
Vaccines represent the most efficient tool for preventing diseases caused by infectious pathogens. During the last century significant progress has been made in vaccine development, resulting in the eradication or control of several diseases. However, the emergence of new pathogens and the inadequate protection conferred by some existing vaccines render necessary new vaccination strategies. Newly arising immunization approaches, such as subunit vaccines and mucosal administration, make the use of novel adjuvants essential. However, only a limited number of adjuvants are available on the market. The present review is focused on vaccine adjuvants approved for human vaccines and promising candidates which are currently under development. In this regard, emerging immune stimulators and combinations are discussed, together with their strengths, limitations and regulatory framework.
Keywords: Adjuvants, adjuvant combinations, adjuvant licensing, delivery systems, limitations, regulatory aspects, vaccines, parenteral vaccination, mucosal vaccination.
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Vaccine Adjuvants: Key Tools for Innovative Vaccine Design
Volume: 13 Issue: 20
Author(s): Peggy Riese, Kai Schulze, Thomas Ebensen, Blair Prochnow and Carlos A. Guzmán
Affiliation:
Keywords: Adjuvants, adjuvant combinations, adjuvant licensing, delivery systems, limitations, regulatory aspects, vaccines, parenteral vaccination, mucosal vaccination.
Abstract: Vaccines represent the most efficient tool for preventing diseases caused by infectious pathogens. During the last century significant progress has been made in vaccine development, resulting in the eradication or control of several diseases. However, the emergence of new pathogens and the inadequate protection conferred by some existing vaccines render necessary new vaccination strategies. Newly arising immunization approaches, such as subunit vaccines and mucosal administration, make the use of novel adjuvants essential. However, only a limited number of adjuvants are available on the market. The present review is focused on vaccine adjuvants approved for human vaccines and promising candidates which are currently under development. In this regard, emerging immune stimulators and combinations are discussed, together with their strengths, limitations and regulatory framework.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Riese Peggy, Schulze Kai, Ebensen Thomas, Prochnow Blair and Guzmán A. Carlos, Vaccine Adjuvants: Key Tools for Innovative Vaccine Design, Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 2013; 13 (20) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/15680266113136660183
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/15680266113136660183 |
Print ISSN 1568-0266 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4294 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Chemistry Based on Natural Products for Therapeutic Purposes
The development of new pharmaceuticals for a wide range of medical conditions has long relied on the identification of promising natural products (NPs). There are over sixty percent of cancer, infectious illness, and CNS disease medications that include an NP pharmacophore, according to the Food and Drug Administration. Since NP ...read more
Current Trends in Drug Discovery Based on Artificial Intelligence and Computer-Aided Drug Design
Drug development discovery has faced several challenges over the years. In fact, the evolution of classical approaches to modern methods using computational methods, or Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD), has shown promising and essential results in any drug discovery campaign. Among these methods, molecular docking is one of the most notable ...read more
Drug Discovery in the Age of Artificial Intelligence
In the age of artificial intelligence (AI), we have witnessed a significant boom in AI techniques for drug discovery. AI techniques are increasingly integrated and accelerating the drug discovery process. These developments have not only attracted the attention of academia and industry but also raised important questions regarding the selection ...read more
From Biodiversity to Chemical Diversity: Focus of Flavonoids
Flavonoids are the largest group of polyphenols, plant secondary metabolites arising from the essential aromatic amino acid phenylalanine (or more rarely from tyrosine) via the phenylpropanoid pathway. The flavan nucleus is the basic 15-carbon skeleton of flavonoids (C6-C3-C6), which consists of two phenyl rings (A and B) and a heterocyclic ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
High Prevalence of AH in HIV Patients on ART, in Bahia, Brazil
Current HIV Research Cardiac Biomarkers in Acute Coronary Syndromes: A Review
Current Vascular Pharmacology Antioxidative Effects of Rhodiola Genus: Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Mechanisms against the Diseases
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Comparative Effect of Telmisartan vs Lisinopril on Blood Pressure in Patients of Metabolic Syndrome
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Outcomes of Anticoagulant Therapy with Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin (LMWH) and Warfarin for Thromboangiitis Obliterans (TAO)
Current Vascular Pharmacology Plasma Glucose Concentrations and Cardiac Hypertrophy in Essential Hypertension
Current Hypertension Reviews Patenting Penicillium Strains
Recent Patents on Biotechnology The Physiology of Nitric Oxide: Control and Consequences
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents The Molecular Concept of Atheromatous Plaques
Current Drug Targets Structural and Functional Diversity of Estrogen Receptor Ligands
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry HPLC-DAD-Q-TOF/MS-Based Screening and Analysis of the Multiple Absorbed Bioactive Components in Rat Serum after Oral Administration of Xiexin Tang
Current Pharmaceutical Analysis Meet Our Editorial Board Member
Current Drug Delivery Pathophysiology of Atherosclerosis: The Role of Inflammation
Current Pharmaceutical Design Pleiotropic Actions of PPARg Activators Thiazolidinediones in Cardiovascular Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Kynurenine Pathway in the Acute and Chronic Phases of Cerebral Ischemia
Current Pharmaceutical Design Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Diseases Using Retinal Images Through Vessel Segmentation Graph
Current Medical Imaging Atypical Chemokine Receptors in Inflammatory Disease
Current Molecular Medicine Editorial: Conventional, Traditional and Alternative Therapies for Cardiovascular Disorders. Part 1: Conventional Therapy
Current Pharmaceutical Design New Perspectives on Acetaminophen
Current Cardiology Reviews Cardiovascular Risk in Perimenopausal Women
Current Vascular Pharmacology