Abstract
Ischemic brain injury is implicated in the pathophysiology of stroke and brain trauma, which are among the top killers worldwide, and intensive studies have been performed to reduce neural cell death after cerebral ischemia. Alpha 2- adrenergic agonists have been shown to improve the histomorphological and neurological outcome after cerebral ischemic injury when administered during ischemia, and recent studies have provided considerable evidence that alpha 2-adrenergic agonists can protect the brain from ischemia/reperfusion injury. Thus, alpha 2-adrenergic agonists are promising potential drugs in preventing cerebral ischemic injury, but the mechanisms by which alpha 2-adrenergic agonists exert their neuroprotective effect are unclear. Activation of both the alpha 2-adrenergic receptor and imidazoline receptor may be involved. This mini review examines the recent progress in alpha 2-adrenergic agonists - induced neuroprotection and its proposed mechanisms in cerebral ischemic injury.
Keywords: alpha -adrenergic agonist, adrenoceptor, imidazoline receptor, cerebral ischemia, neuroprotection, excitatory amino acids, sympathoinhibition, stroke
Current Neuropharmacology
Title: Neuroprotection by Alpha 2-Adrenergic Agonists in Cerebral Ischemia
Volume: 3 Issue: 4
Author(s): Y. Zhang and H. K. Kimelberg
Affiliation:
Keywords: alpha -adrenergic agonist, adrenoceptor, imidazoline receptor, cerebral ischemia, neuroprotection, excitatory amino acids, sympathoinhibition, stroke
Abstract: Ischemic brain injury is implicated in the pathophysiology of stroke and brain trauma, which are among the top killers worldwide, and intensive studies have been performed to reduce neural cell death after cerebral ischemia. Alpha 2- adrenergic agonists have been shown to improve the histomorphological and neurological outcome after cerebral ischemic injury when administered during ischemia, and recent studies have provided considerable evidence that alpha 2-adrenergic agonists can protect the brain from ischemia/reperfusion injury. Thus, alpha 2-adrenergic agonists are promising potential drugs in preventing cerebral ischemic injury, but the mechanisms by which alpha 2-adrenergic agonists exert their neuroprotective effect are unclear. Activation of both the alpha 2-adrenergic receptor and imidazoline receptor may be involved. This mini review examines the recent progress in alpha 2-adrenergic agonists - induced neuroprotection and its proposed mechanisms in cerebral ischemic injury.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Zhang Y. and Kimelberg K. H., Neuroprotection by Alpha 2-Adrenergic Agonists in Cerebral Ischemia, Current Neuropharmacology 2005; 3 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157015905774322534
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157015905774322534 |
Print ISSN 1570-159X |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6190 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Estrogen Regulation of MicroRNA Expression
Current Genomics Peptide Agonists and Antagonists with Potential Application in Neurological Disorders
Recent Patents on CNS Drug Discovery (Discontinued) Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Fullerenes: From Carbon to Nanomedicine
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Pharmacological Neuroprotection in Cardiac Surgery: Effectiveness of Pharmacologic-Preconditioning with Erythromycin
Current Vascular Pharmacology MIF and CD74 - Suitability as Clinical Biomarkers
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Anesthetic-induced Myocardial Conditioning: Molecular Fundamentals and Scope
Current Medicinal Chemistry Donors of HNO
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Recent Advances Using Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) Inhibitors to Treat Inflammatory Disorders: Animal and Clinical Studies
Current Drug Therapy Dibenzofurans from Lichens – A Pharmacological Overview
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Benefits of Caloric Restriction on Brain Aging and Related Pathological States: Understanding Mechanisms to Devise Novel Therapies
Current Medicinal Chemistry Stem Cells Treatment for Wilson Disease
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Rational Autologous Cell Sources For Therapy of Heart Failure - Vehicles and Targets For Gene and RNA Therapies
Current Gene Therapy Role of Synovial Fibroblasts in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Current Pharmaceutical Design Apoptosis: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Retinal Degenerations
Current Neurovascular Research The Role of Platelets and their Microparticles in Rehabilitation of Ischemic Brain Tissue
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Non Peptidic Urotensin II Antagonists: Perspectives for a New Class of Drugs
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Toward a Biochemical Diagnosis of NASH: Insights From Pathophysiology For Distinguishing Simple Steatosis From Steatohepatitis
Current Medicinal Chemistry NADPH and Iron May Have an Important Role in Attenuated Mucosal Defense in Helicobacter pylori Infection?
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Drp1 in Ischemic Neuronal Death: An Unusual Suspect
Current Medicinal Chemistry