Abstract
Chelation therapy plays a prominent role in the clinical treatment of metal intoxication. In this paper the principal causes of metal toxicity are exposed, and the chemical and biomedical requisites of a chelating agent are sketched. The chelating agents currently in use for scavenging toxic metal ions from humans belong to few categories: those characterized by coordinating mercapto groups, by oxygen groups, poliaminocarboxylic acids, and dithiocarbamates. Considering that the complex formation equilibria have been studied for less than 50% of chelators in use, some reflections on the utility of stability constants are presented, together with an evaluation of ligands under the stability profile. The competition between endogenous and toxic target metal ions for the same chelating agent is furthermore examined. A thorough examination of stability constant databases has allowed to select, for each toxic metal, the ligands distinguished by the best pMe values. Even though this selection does not consider the biomedical requisites of a chelating agent, it gives a clear picture both of the pMe values that can be attained, and of the most appropriate chelators for each metal ion.
Keywords: Chelating agent, Chelation therapy, Heavy metal, Speciation, Stability constant, Toxic metal.
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Chelation Therapy for Metal Intoxication: Comments from a Thermodynamic Viewpoint
Volume: 13 Issue: 11
Author(s): Valeria Marina Nurchi, Miriam Crespo-Alonso, Leonardo Toso, Joanna Izabela Lachowicz and Guido Crisponi
Affiliation:
Keywords: Chelating agent, Chelation therapy, Heavy metal, Speciation, Stability constant, Toxic metal.
Abstract: Chelation therapy plays a prominent role in the clinical treatment of metal intoxication. In this paper the principal causes of metal toxicity are exposed, and the chemical and biomedical requisites of a chelating agent are sketched. The chelating agents currently in use for scavenging toxic metal ions from humans belong to few categories: those characterized by coordinating mercapto groups, by oxygen groups, poliaminocarboxylic acids, and dithiocarbamates. Considering that the complex formation equilibria have been studied for less than 50% of chelators in use, some reflections on the utility of stability constants are presented, together with an evaluation of ligands under the stability profile. The competition between endogenous and toxic target metal ions for the same chelating agent is furthermore examined. A thorough examination of stability constant databases has allowed to select, for each toxic metal, the ligands distinguished by the best pMe values. Even though this selection does not consider the biomedical requisites of a chelating agent, it gives a clear picture both of the pMe values that can be attained, and of the most appropriate chelators for each metal ion.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Nurchi Marina Valeria, Crespo-Alonso Miriam, Toso Leonardo, Lachowicz Izabela Joanna and Crisponi Guido, Chelation Therapy for Metal Intoxication: Comments from a Thermodynamic Viewpoint, Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 2013; 13 (11) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/13895575113139990077
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/13895575113139990077 |
Print ISSN 1389-5575 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5607 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Bioprospecting of Natural Products as Sources of New Multitarget Therapies
According to the Convention on Biological Diversity, bioprospecting is the exploration of biodiversity and indigenous knowledge to develop commercially valuable products for pharmaceutical and other applications. Bioprospecting involves searching for useful organic compounds in plants, fungi, marine organisms, and microorganisms. Natural products traditionally constituted the primary source of more than ...read more
Computational Frontiers in Medicinal Chemistry
The thematic issue "Computational Frontiers in Medicinal Chemistry" provides a robust platform for delving into state-of-the-art computational methodologies and technologies that significantly propel advancements in medicinal chemistry. This edition seeks to amalgamate top-tier reviews spotlighting the latest trends and breakthroughs in the fusion of computational approaches, including artificial intelligence (AI) ...read more
Natural Products and Dietary Supplements in Alleviation of Metabolic, Cardiovascular, and Neurological Disorders
Metabolic disorders like diabetes, obesity, inflammation, oxidative stress, cancer etc, cardiovascular disorders like angina, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure etc as well as neurological disorders like Alzheimer?s, Parkinson?s, Epilepsy, Depression, etc are the global burden. They covered the major segment of the diseases and disorders from which the human community ...read more
Natural Products in Drug Discovery
Natural products have always been one of the important ways of drug discovery due to their novel skeleton and diverse functional group characteristics. According to statistics, between 1981 and 2019, the FDA approved a total of 1,394 small molecule drugs for marketing, of which 930 marketed drugs originated from the ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Use of Corticosteroids in Critically Ill Septic Patients: A Review of Mechanisms of Adrenal Insufficiency in Sepsis and Treatment
Current Drug Targets The Ubiquitin-Proteasome System and Proteasome Inhibitors in Central Nervous System Diseases
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Topical Application of <i>In Vitro</i> Transcribed mRNA to the Airways as a Novel Gene Therapy Approach for the Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis
Clinical Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Drugs (Discontinued) Anti-cancer and Anti-angiogenic Properties of Various Natural Pentacyclic Tri-terpenoids and Some of their Chemical Derivatives
Current Organic Chemistry Protein Misfolding in Conformational Disorders: Rescue of Folding Defects and Chemical Chaperoning
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Intravenous Immunoglobulin Preparations and Autoimmune Disorders: Mechanisms of Action
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Cerebral Artery Signal Transduction Mechanisms: Developmental Changes in Dynamics and Ca<sup>2+</sup> Sensitivity
Current Vascular Pharmacology IL-2 Receptor Targeted Immunomodulatory Biologics: The Past, Present, and Future
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Clinical Application of Ghrelin
Current Pharmaceutical Design Animal Models of Lupus and Lupus Nephritis
Current Pharmaceutical Design Formulation Development, Physicochemical Characterization and In Vitro-In Vivo Drug Release of Vaginal Films
Current HIV Research Comparative Effect of Telmisartan vs Lisinopril on Blood Pressure in Patients of Metabolic Syndrome
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Sodium Channel Inhibitor Drug Discovery Using Automated High Throughput Electrophysiology Platforms
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases and the Role of Vitamins, and Herbal Extracts in the Reduction of Cardiovascular Risks
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry β-Catenin/TCF-4 Signaling Regulates Susceptibility of Macrophages and Resistance of Monocytes to HIV-1 Productive Infection
Current HIV Research Bridging the Gap: The Potential Role of Corticosteroid Binding Globulin in Cardiac Steroid Facilitation
Current Drug Targets Electroporation: An Effective Method For <i>In Vivo</i> Gene Delivery
Drug Delivery Letters The Critical Role of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Isoforms in the Physiopathology of Skeletal Muscle
Current Genomics The Mechanism of Action of Antidepressants: A Unitary Hypothesis Based on Transport-P
Current Drug Targets - CNS & Neurological Disorders NOD-Like Receptors: A Tail from Plants to Mammals Through Invertebrates
Current Protein & Peptide Science