Abstract
In the oral cavity, taste receptor cells dedicate to detecting chemical compounds in foodstuffs and transmitting their signals to gustatory nerve fibers. Heretofore, five taste qualities (sweet, umami, bitter, salty and sour) are generally accepted as basic tastes. Each of these may have a specific role in the detection of nutritious and poisonous substances; sweet for carbohydrate sources of calories, umami for protein and amino acid contents, bitter for harmful compounds, salty for minerals and sour for ripeness of fruits and spoiled foods. Recent studies have revealed molecular mechanisms for reception and transduction of these five basic tastes. Sweet, umami and bitter tastes are mediated by G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and second-messenger signaling cascades. Salty and sour tastes are mediated by channel-type receptors. In addition to five basic tastes, taste receptor cells may have the ability to detect fat taste, which is elicited by fatty acids, and calcium taste, which is elicited by calcium. Taste compounds eliciting either fat taste or calcium taste may be detected by specific GPCRs expressed in taste receptor cells. This review will focus on transduction mechanisms and cellular characteristics responsible for each of basic tastes, fat taste and calcium taste.
Keywords: Taste receptor, transduction, cell type, taste quality, fat taste and calcium taste.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Taste Transductions in Taste Receptor Cells: Basic Tastes and Moreover
Volume: 20 Issue: 16
Author(s): Shusuke Iwata, Ryusuke Yoshida and Yuzo Ninomiya
Affiliation:
Keywords: Taste receptor, transduction, cell type, taste quality, fat taste and calcium taste.
Abstract: In the oral cavity, taste receptor cells dedicate to detecting chemical compounds in foodstuffs and transmitting their signals to gustatory nerve fibers. Heretofore, five taste qualities (sweet, umami, bitter, salty and sour) are generally accepted as basic tastes. Each of these may have a specific role in the detection of nutritious and poisonous substances; sweet for carbohydrate sources of calories, umami for protein and amino acid contents, bitter for harmful compounds, salty for minerals and sour for ripeness of fruits and spoiled foods. Recent studies have revealed molecular mechanisms for reception and transduction of these five basic tastes. Sweet, umami and bitter tastes are mediated by G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and second-messenger signaling cascades. Salty and sour tastes are mediated by channel-type receptors. In addition to five basic tastes, taste receptor cells may have the ability to detect fat taste, which is elicited by fatty acids, and calcium taste, which is elicited by calcium. Taste compounds eliciting either fat taste or calcium taste may be detected by specific GPCRs expressed in taste receptor cells. This review will focus on transduction mechanisms and cellular characteristics responsible for each of basic tastes, fat taste and calcium taste.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Iwata Shusuke, Yoshida Ryusuke and Ninomiya Yuzo, Taste Transductions in Taste Receptor Cells: Basic Tastes and Moreover, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2014; 20 (16) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/13816128113199990575
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/13816128113199990575 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in the Molecular Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
This thematic issue will emphasize the recent breakthroughs in the mechanisms of Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) pathogenesis and devotes some understanding of both Crohn’s and ulcerative colitis. It is expected to include studies about cellular and genetic aspects, which help to precipitate the disease, and the immune system-gut microbiome relations ...read more
Blood-based biomarkers in large-scale screening for neurodegenerative diseases
Disease biomarkers are necessary tools that can be employed in several clinical context of use (COU), ranging from the (early) diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction, to monitoring of disease state and/or drug efficacy. Regarding neurodegenerative diseases, in particular Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a battery of well-validated biomarkers are available, such as cerebrospinal ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Diabetes mellitus: advances in diagnosis and treatment driving by precision medicine
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic degenerative metabolic disease with ever increasing prevalence worldwide which is now an epidemic disease affecting 500 million people worldwide. Insufficient insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells unable to maintain blood glucose homeostasis is the main feature of this disease. Multifactorial and complex nature of ...read more

- Author Guidelines
- Bentham Author Support Services (BASS)
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Neuroretinal Apoptosis as a Vascular Dysfunction in Diabetic Patients
Current Neuropharmacology EDITORIAL (Thematic Issue: Retinal Neurodegeneration in the Course of Diabetes: Neuroprotection as a Potential Treatment Target)
Current Neuropharmacology Pathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes: Regulation of Adhesion Molecules and Immune Cell Trafficking
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) A Multicenter Prospective Hospital-based Cohort Study on the Efficacy and Safety of Pitavastatin
Current Diabetes Reviews GATA-3 as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Current Diabetes Reviews Dietary Patterns and Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes: From Research to Clinical Practice; A Systematic Review
Current Diabetes Reviews PDX-1 and MafA as Potential Therapeutic Targets for Diabetes
Current Signal Transduction Therapy Antiplatelet Treatment in Peripheral Arterial Disease: The Role of Novel Antiplatelet Agents
Current Pharmaceutical Design Clinically Significant Proteinuria Following the Administration of Sirolimus to Renal Transplant Recipients
Drug Metabolism Letters Current Update on Synopsis of miRNA Dysregulation in Neurological Disorders
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Group VI Phospholipases A2: Homeostatic Phospholipases with Significant Potential as Targets for Novel Therapeutics
Current Drug Targets Humans Entrain to Sunlight - Impact of Social Jet Lag on Disease and Implications for Critical Illness
Current Pharmaceutical Design MicroRNAs in Arterial Hypertension
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry The Molecular Basis of the Interplay between Endothelin-1 and Nitric Oxide and its Relevance for Atherosclerosis and Arterial and Pulmonary Hypertension
Vascular Disease Prevention (Discontinued) Hyperglycemia and Diabetes Induced by Glucocorticoids in Nondiabetic and Diabetic Patients: Revision of Literature and Personal Considerations
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Mild Cognitive Impairment: At the Crossroad of Neurodegeneration and Vascular Dysfunction
Current Alzheimer Research Methotrexate overdose in clinical practice
Current Drug Metabolism Animal Models of Diabetes Mellitus: Relevance to Vascular Complications
Current Pharmaceutical Design Association of Smoking and Alcohol Drinking with Dementia Risk Among Elderly Men in China
Current Alzheimer Research Antidiabetic Properties of Medicinal Mushrooms with Special Reference to <i>Phellinus</i> Species: A Review
The Natural Products Journal